Code-switching

Chapter 6:

Applied linguistics

Group 3

Start!

index

What is code-switching?

its definition, functions, and examples

02

types of code-switching

its different types and unique features

a brief discussion on code-mixing

What makes it different from code-switching?

01

What is code-switching?

Code-switching

Code-switching is a strategy of using two different languages inside a sentence or in discourse. This is a real phenomenon among multilingual speakers (Esen, 2019). It is also the process of distinguishing a speech structure from one language to another. This quick language shift depends on context and ease.

+ info

Who uses code-switching?

• Bilingual and monolingual speakers often use code-switching as a communicative option when expressing intelligible ideas in the target languages becomes a hindrance. This does not only apply to others but also local dialects. However, some speakers intentionally use code-switching to make the conversation intelligible to a group that uses the same language. Sometimes, language users switch within a single language by mixing their dialects.

Why do we code-switch?

1) Our lizard brains take over. We would slip into a different language or accent without even realizing it or intending to do it. 2) We want to fit in. Very often, people code-switch — both consciously and unconsciously — to act or talk more like those around them. 3) We want to get something. A lot of folks code-switch not just to fit in, but to actively ingratiate themselves to others. 4) We want to say something in secret. Some code-switch to languages only a specific person/group understands. 5) It helps us convey a thought. Many people switch languages or employ colloquialisms to express particular ideas.

"Kita tayo sa 4th floor of this mall. Maghahanap ako ng toys." "Naka-on yong lights ng motor mo. Please off mo na yan." "Sabi niya hindi siya makakalimot sa akin. Pero, after 2 week of being malayo sa isa—isa, naiba na siya." "Buy tayo ng food sa labas after ko nitong ginagawa ko."

"I'm not conyo; I'm just code-switching."

02

types of code-switching

3 Types of Code-switching

Inter-sentential

Intra-sentential

Tag Switching

+ info

+ info

+ inf

Start!

1. Inter-sentential

The shifting of languages happens at either end of the sentence. Word or words can be situated at the beginning or at the end of the sentence. Examples: “If he asks you for a date, huwag sumama.” “Ito yon, it is so heavy.”

2. Intra-sentential

The languages shift in the middle of a clause (sentence), without obvious hesitations, pauses, and interruptions to emphasize the shift. The shift happens without the speaker knowing it. Examples: “I was in my office nang makita ko siya chased by the police.” “Get your bag inside the car pati ‘yong payong because it is raining.”

3. Tag Switching

A word or a tag question of a different language is inserted into an utterance of another language. Examples: You are John, tama ba? Ikaw si John, aren’t you?

03

What is code-mixing?

Code-mixing

Code-mixing refers to “the embedding of linguistic units such as phrases, words, and morphemes of one language into an utterance of another language.” Simply, code mixing is the mixing of two or more languages while communicating. Now, it is often common for a speaker who knows two or more languages to take one word or more than one word from one language and introduce it while speaking another language.

Thank you for listening!