OSGOOD-SCHRAMM MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

Osgood-Schramm Model of Communication

By: Group 5

Content

1. Introduction

2. Content

3. Advantages

4. Disadvantages

The osgood-schramm model of communication

Charles E. Osgood was an American Psychologist who developed the technique of measuring the ‘connotative meaning’ of the concept, known as semantic Differential. Osgood was born in Somerville, Massachusetts and did his PhD from Yale University. Wilbur Schramm was a scholar and also known as the authoritarian of Mass Communication. He was a great influencer of mass communication and was the one who established the departments of mass communication studies across the universities of the United States.He was the first person who called himself a communication Scholar. Schramm did a pilot project called Mass Communication Program for his PhD in Lowa University.

INTRODUCTION

In 1954 Charles E. Osgood presented the theory of meaning. Wilbur Schramm changed this theory of meaning into a model and after this model became the Circular Model of communication. The theory explains how we communicate with one another, mainly though speech, writing and discourse. It emphasizes four key principles: 1. That communication is circular, not linear. The listener can both receive and send messages (in most instances). 2. That communication is usually equal and reciprocal 3. That there is a lot of interpretation involved when receiving a message 4. That all communication requires three steps: encoding, decoding, and interpreting a message.

OSGOOD-SCHRAMM MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

ELEMENTS

INTERPRETER

DECODER

ENCODER

Person trying to understand (analyses, perceive) or interpret.

Who receives the message.

Who does the encoding or sends the message (where the message originates).

CONTENT

From the message starting to ending, there is an interpretation goes on. Based on this interpretation only the message is received. This model breaks the sender and receiver model it seems communication in a practical way. It is not a traditional model. It can happen within two people; each person acts as both sender and receiver and hence use interpretation. It simultaneously takes place e.g., encoding, interpret and decoding.

When critiquing linear or ‘transmission’ models such as the Shannon-Weaver model, Schramm argued: “In fact, it is misleading to think of the communication process as starting somewhere and ending somewhere. It is really endless. We are really switchboard centers handling and re-routing the great endless current of information.” (Schramm, 1955)

CONTENT

Semantic noise is a concept introduced here it occurs when sender and receiver apply different meaning to the same message. It happens mostly because of words and phrases for e.g., Technical Language, so certain words and phrases will cause you to deviate from the actual meaning of the communication. When semantic noise takes place decoding and interpretation becomes difficult, and people get deviated from the actual message, and a lot of meaning can be lost. Semantic noise is caused by semantic barriers which are specifically the values, beliefs and background knowledge that impact how someone sends and how someone receives messages. As two-way communication keeps on going in its circular pattern, the semantic noise is ideally reduced because the two communicators can come to shared meaning and give one another further clarification on what they actually mean.

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

This model does not talk about semantic noise, and it assume the moment of encoding and decoding. Note: Some people call semantic noise a weakness of this model. However, this model simply shows that semantic noise is possible – so it’s not a weakness. If anything, it’s good that the authors have shown us what it is and how it works.

1. Dynamic model- Shows how a situation can change 2. It shows why redundancy is an essential part 3. There is no separate sender and receiver, sender and receiver is the same person 4. Assume communication to be circular in nature 5. Feedback – central feature.

how could this model address the problem of the pandemic efficiently and effectively?

As we all know, this pandemic has been very challenging for us to interact with other people. So, the question is, how can it resolve this problem? Well, everything starts in our homes. Parents, children, and all the family members should openly communicate on what to do in order to reduce the spread of the virus. Parents and elders should guide their children to avoid from going out, and to get vaccinated as soon as possible, at the same time, the young ones can share what they feel about the situation. This model of communication is very advantageous because misunderstandings can be addressed due to the fact that both the encoder and decoder can have the chance to share their own thoughts and opinion.

REFERENCES

communicationtheory.org, (n.d.). Osgood-schramm model of communication. Retrieved from https://www.communicationtheory.org/osgood-schramm-model-of-communication/ studymasscommunication.wordpress.com, (n.d.). The Osgood-schramm model. Retrieved from https://studymasscommunication.wordpress.com/2019/09/08/the-osgood-schramm-model/ Drew, C. (2019). Osgood-schramm model of communication – pros & cons. Retrieved from https://helpfulprofessor.com/osgood-schramm/

team

Kristine Louise Makilan

Jan Hun Orzal

Oscar Mejia

Kyle Remier Lacamento

Denzel Erick Nalzaro

thank you for listening!