Living things

L I V I N G T H I N G S

How do animals carry out nutrition?

How do plantas carry out nutrition?

hOW are animals classified?

WHAT ARE MICROBES?

HOW ARE LIVINING THINGS ORGANISED?

OBJETIVES

1. LIVING THINGS

As a living or a non- living thing. Living things carry out three processes :nutrition, interaction and reproduction. Non-living things include everithing that doesn't carry out these basic life process.

Can be classified:

LIVING THINGS (animals)

• Animals eat an drink.

• Move araund.

• Interact with each other.

• Reproduce in different ways (viviparous or oviparous)

LIVING THINGS ( plants)

• Plants also carry life processes.

• Carry out the photosyntesis.

• They don't move around and interact.

• They reproduce in different ways (seeds or spores)

All living things are made up of cells , many cells form tissue. Organs and muscles are made up of different types of tissue. Organs work together form systems. All living things have cells, tissue, organs and systems

LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF:

2.HOW ARE LIVING THINS ORGANISED?

• Organs and muscles form systems. For example, the stomach forms part of the digestive system.

• Is made up of specific tissue. Muscle tissue for example the stomach compresses food that enters the stomach.

• Many cells joined together form a

tissue. Specific cells forms a different types of tissue.

• The nucleus controls everything that the cell does. There is a liquid called cytoplasm. The organelles are reponsible for carrying out the life funcions of the cell. The cell is protect by a membrane.

SYSTEMS

Organs

TISSUE

Cells

The structure of animals

Is the similar of the animals but they add a more organelle called chloroplasts that are responsible for carry out photosyntesis . The membrane of the plant is a differen one because is more rigid than the animals , is called cell wall.

The stucture of plants

Microbes are simple, microscopic organisms that can be unicelullar or multicellular. Unicelullar organism are made up of one cell. Multicelullar organisms are made up of two or more cells that form a single organism.

3.WHAT ARE MICROBES?

• Belong to the Monera Kingdom.
• Most are microscopic.
• They can besperical or rod - shaped.
• Move araund in different ways depending their shape.
• Some have long extensions, called flagella, that function like tails.
• Reproduce by dividing into two separate cells
• Each cell then grows an divides into two more cells.
• Many bacteria are beneficial to humans (help us to digest food)
• Other bacteria can cause illnesesses such as pneumonia, food poisoning and skin infections.

UNICELULLAR : bacteria

• Belong tho the Protist Kingdom.
• Many are microscopic, but some can be seen without the microscopic.
• They move around by chaning shape.
• They extend a part of of the cell body in the direction of the cell follows behind.
• Reproduce by asexual reproduction: they divide into two.
• They can cause ellnesses in humans( amoebic dysentery and encephalitis are caused by amoebae)

UNICELLULAR: amobae

• Are made up of many unicelullar organisms working together as a colony
• Each cell is identical or very similar to other cells in the organism.
• Each cell is independent, so each one can survive as a single cell
• Carrying out nutrition can be easier for larger organisms

MULTICELULLAR ORGANISM

• All animals and plants and some fungi are on this organism.

• They are made up of many cells.

• Each cell carry out a funcion and appears different from other cells in the organism.

• Cell can't survive alone as a single cell: they need the other cells in the organism to stay alive.

Pluricelullar organism

Multicelullar | Pluricelullar

Animals can be classifie according to their body structure. Animals that have spinal cord are called vertebrates, and animals with no spinal cord is called invertebrates. There are many different types of vertebrates and invertebrates

4.HOW ARE ANIMALS CLASSIFIED?

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INVERTEBRATES

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VERTEBRATES

1. Plants absorb water and nutrients from soli. This mixture forms a substance called raw sap.
2. The raw sap travels trought the stem to the leaves of the plant.
3. The leaves absorb light energy from the Sun and carbon dioxide from the air. The use to convert the raw sap into elaborated sap by photosyntesis.
4. The elaborated sap then travels troughh the stem to the rest of the plant.Elaborated sap contains nutrientsthat plants use to live and grow.
5. During photosyntesis, plants expel oxygen and water vapour trough small pores or holes in the leaves

5.HOW DO PLANTS CARRY OUT NUTRITION?

N O N - S E E D P L A N T S

S E E D P L A N T S

How do plants reproduce?

• Reproduce by seed that grow into a new plant.
• ANGIOSPERMS,or flowering plants: Produce flowers, fruit contains seeds grows from flowers.
• GYMNOSPERMS, or conifers: Produce cones that contain seeds.
• EXAMPLE: apples and melons.

• Reproduce by forming spores.
• The spores grow to a new plant.
• EXAMPLE: mosses and ferns

HOW DO ANIMALS CARRY OUT NUTRITION?

Eat plants, such as pandas

Eat other animals , such as foxes

C A R N I V O R E S

O M N I V O R E S

Eat plants and animals, such bear

H E R B I B O R E S

HOW DO ANIMALS EAT?

DESCONPONERS: descompones the secondary consumers

SECONDARY CONSUMERS: Eat primary consumers. Are carnivores .

PRIMARY CONSUMERS:Eat the producers. They are herbibores

PRODUCERS: They produce their food (PLANTS)

FOOD CHAIN

Many animals consume more than one type of food. For exmple, lions eat zebras, antelope , gnus and even baby elephants. Such diverse eating habits meant that animals often belong to more than one food chain. A food web cosits of all the trophic relation ships that the organisms in one habitat can have.

Food webs

• Can be oviparous or viviparous.
• Oviparous reproduce by laying eggs.
• Viviparous give birth to live young.
• There are exception, for example the duck-blilled platypus.
• The duck- billed platypus : is a mammal that lays eggs. When the eggs hatch, the baby platypus drinks its mother's milk, just like other mammals do.

How do animals reproduce?

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