The Rise of Realism: 1860-1914

Presentation by Samuel Pérez and Abdi Villatoro

The Rise of Realism: 1860-1914

During this years idelaism remained, but changed its vision, before the U.S civil war protected humans right, actually they were against slavery, the war they believe in the self-made-millionaire and business boomed and they benefited themselves from natural resources such as iron, oil, gold and silver. In 1860 people used to live in farms, but after 1912 people moved out to different cities that they were overcrowded but also american's novels

THE RISE OF REALISM (1860-1914)

SAMUEL CLEMENS (1835-1910)

Also known as Mark Twain, he's writing style was energetic, realistic, coloquiall american speech. He became the first autor from the country who was distinctive for his humorous, slang and iconoclasm. One of his famous books was Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

FRONTIER HUMOR AND REALISM

Local color refer to:

Refers to focusing on a certain region and the people who live there. The dialogue in such writing is peppered with local colloquialisms and linguistic peculiarities.

Two major literary in america merged in Mark Twin, they are: Frontier Humor and local color (regionalism)

From <https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-local-color-writting-250823>

Frontier Humor: tradition of regional sketches and tales based in the "old South-West".

From <http://donnamcampbell.net/amlit/swhumor.htm>

LOCAL COLORISTS

Bret Harte (1836-1902) First internationally writer of short stories about the west, The Luck of Roaring Camp" and "The Outcasts of Poker Flat," he also wrote stories of cunning gamblers, uncouth robbers -- into serious literary works.

MIDWESTERN REALISM

A Modern Instance (1882)

For many years, the editor of the important Atlantic Monthly magazine, William Dean Howells (1837-1920), published realistic local color writing by Bret Harte, Mark Twain, George Washington Cable, and others.

The Rise of Silas Lapham (1885)

Fortunes (1890)

He was the champion of realism, and his novels, such as

carefully interweave social circumstances with the emotions of ordinary middle-class Americans.

A Hazard of New Fortunes (1890)

COSMOPOLITAN NOVELISTS

Henry James (1843-1916)Henry James once wrote that art, especially literary art, "makes life, makes interest, makes importance." James's fiction and criticism is the most highly conscious, sophisticated, and difficult of its era. With Twain, James is generally ranked as the greatest American novelist of the second half of the 19th century

Edith Wharton (1862-1937) Like James, Edith Wharton grew up partly in Europe and eventually made her home there. She was descended from a wealthy, established family in New York society and saw firsthand the decline of this cultivated group and, in her view, the rise of boorish, nouveau-riche business families. This social transformation is the background of many of her novels.

Naturalism is essentially a literary expression of determinism. Associated with bleak, realistic depictions of lower-class life, determinism denies religion as a motivating force in the world and instead perceives the universe as a machine. Eighteenth-century Enlightenment thinkers had also imagined the world as a machine, but as a perfect one, invented by God and tending toward progress and human betterment. Naturalists imagined society, instead, as a blind machine, godless and out of control.

NATURALISM AND MUCKRAKING

Jack London (1876-1916)

A poor, self-taught worker from California, the naturalist Jack London was catapulted from poverty to fame by his first collection of stories, The Son of the Wolf (1900), set largely in the Klondike region of Alaska and the Canadian Yukon. Other of his best-sellers, including The Call of the Wild (1903) and The Sea-Wolf (1904) made him the highest paid writer in the United States of his time

Stephen Crane (1871-1900)

Stephen Crane, born in New Jersey, had roots going back to Revolutionary War soldiers, clergymen, sheriffs, judges, and farmers who had lived a century earlier.

Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945) The 1925 work An American Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser, like London's Martin Eden, explores the dangers of the American dream.

Edgar Lee Masters (1868-1950) By the turn of the century, Chicago had become a great city, home of innovative architecture and cosmopolitan art collections. Chicago was also the home of Harriet Monroe's Poetry, the most important literary magazine of the day.

Carl Sandburg (1878-1967) A friend once said, "Trying to write briefly about Carl Sandburg is like trying to picture the Grand Canyon in one black-and-white snapshot." Poet, historian, biographer, novelist, musician, essayist -- Sandburg, son of a railroad blacksmith, was all of these and more. A journalist by profession, he wrote a massive biography of Abraham Lincoln that is one of the classic works of the 20th century.

Vachel Lindsay (1879-1931) Vachel Lindsay was a celebrant of small-town midwestern populism and creator of strong, rhythmic poetry designed to be declaimed aloud.

Edwin Arlington Robinson (1869-1935) Edwin Arlington Robinson is the best U.S. poet of the late 19th century.

TWO WOMEN REGIONAL NOVELISTS

Novelists Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945) and Willa Cather (1873-1947) explored women's lives, placed in brilliantly evoked regional settings. Neither novelist set out to address specifically female issues; their early works usually treat male protagonists, and only as they gained artistic confidence and maturity did they turn to depictions of women' lives. Glasgow and Cather can only be regarded as "women writers" in a descriptive sense, for their works resist categorization.

THE RISE OF BLACK AMERICAN LITERATURE

Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Booker T. Washington, educator and the most prominent black leader of his day, grew up as a slave in Franklin County, Virginia, born to a white slave-holding father and a slave mother.

James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938) Johnson explored the complex issue of race in his fictional Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man

Charles Waddell Chesnutt (1858-1932) Charles Waddell Chesnutt, author of two collections of stories, The Conjure Woman (1899) and The Wife of His Youth (1899), several novels, including The Marrow of Tradition (1901), and a biography of Frederick Douglass, was ahead of his time.

W.E.B. Du Bois (1868-1963) Born in New England and educated at Harvard University and the University of Berlin (Germany)

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