What is inference?

great

What is Inference?

Presentation

Start!

1- Introduction

3- What is my Inference?

6- Exercise

5- Video

4- Examples

2- Definition

index

Definition of Inference:

01

Something that is inferred, especially a conclusion or an opinion that is formed because of known facts or evidence.

Watch the video:

+ info

+ info

2. What is my inference?

Marzano (2010) suggests teachers pose four questions to students to facilitate a discussion about inferences (This question helps students become aware that they may have just made an inference by filling in information that wasn't directly presented).

+ info

3. What information did I use to make this inference?

(It's important for students to understand the various types of information they use to make inferences. This may include information presented in the text, or it may be background knowledge that a student brings to the learning setting).

(According to Marzano, once students have identified the premises on which they've based their inferences, they can engage in the most powerful part of the process — examining the validity of their thinking.)

4. How good was my thinking?

5. Do I need to change my thinking? (The final step in the process is for students to consider possible changes in their thinking. The point here is not to invalidate students' original inferences, but rather to help them develop the habit of continually updating their thinking as they gather new information).

Marzano, 2010

Examples:

Exercises:

You might not realize how often you derive conclusions from indications in your everyday life. These inferences help you make decisions about things like what you’ll say or how you’ll act in a given situation.

Exercise:

• Sarah left a Payless shoe bag on the floor and is wearing shiny red heels.
• Julia works at a pet store and owns four cats, a lizard, a dog, and a rabbit.
• John's house smells of soy sauce, and used chopsticks are on the table.
• Karen bought six lottery tickets one day and quit work the next.
• When the phone rang and Liz picked it up, she was all smiling.
• A child tries a new fruit and makes a disgusted face.
• After feeding her dog, Dolly, crunchy food for years, Beth put wet food in Dolly's dish. Dolly would not touch it.

• Sally arrives at home at 4:30 and knows that her mother does not get off of work until 5. Sherry's toddler is in bed upstairs. She hears a bang and cries.
• John hears a smoke alarm next door and smells burnt bacon.
• Jennifer hears her mailbox close and her dog is barking.
• Norman sees cookie crumbs on the floor and chocolate around his son's mouth.
• The floor is covered in shreds of newspaper, and Susan's dog has a small piece of newspaper stuck in his fur.

Answers:

• Sally also sees that the lights are off in their house.
• Sherry can infer that her toddler is hurt or scared.
• John can infer that his neighbor burnt her breakfast.
• Jennifer can infer that the postal carrier has delivered her mail.
• Norman can infer that his son ate a cookie.
• It can be inferred that Susan's dog ate the newspaper.

• It can be inferred that Sarah went shoe shopping at Payless.
• It can be inferred that Julia is a pet lover.
• It can be inferred that John ate Chinese food recently.
• Her co-workers can infer that she won the lottery.
• It can be inferred that she was pleased to receive the phone call.
• His mother can infer that he does not like the taste of the fruit.
• Beth can infer that Dolly prefers crunchy food.

Thanks!