Let's get closer with :
TENSES
Tenses :
a verb-based method used to indicate the time, and sometimes the continuation or completeness, of an action or state in relation to the time of speaking.
FUTURE
PAST
PRESENT
Tenses :
FUTURE
PAST
PRESENT
My baby eats everyday.
My baby ate yesterday.
My baby will eat tomorrow.
12 Verb Tenses
Simple Future
Simple Past
Simple Present
Present Continuous
Future Continuous
Past Continuous
Future Perfect
Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous
Simple way to remember tenses :
3 times and 4 aspects
- Simple
- Continuous
- Perfect
- Perfect Coninuous
- Present
- Past
- Future
PAST
PRESENT
FUTURE
We study English.
We will study English.
We studied English.
SIMPLE FUTURE
SIMPLE PAST
SIMPLE PRESENT
We is studying English.
We will be studying English.
We was studying English.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
We had studied English.
We have studied English.
We will have studied English.
FUTURE PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
We have been studying English.
We will have been studying English.
We had been studying English.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
01.
Simple Present
When do we use Simple Present?
- The fire is hot.
- Cat has four legs.
- Sun rises every morning.
- Jerome is Math student.
- Mrs. Carol is fourty y.o.
- . . . . .
- . . . . .
- They study everyday.
- I join online course twice a week.
- My father always drinks coffee.
- Emma goes to school by bus.
- . . . . .
- . . . . .
- . . . . .
= he, she, it= I, you, we, they
isam are
= he, she, it= I = you, we, they
doesdo
= he, she, it= I, you, we, they
Vs/esV1
(+) You make pizza.(-) You don't make pizza.(?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(+) She is a teacher.(-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(?) Is she a teacher?
(+) They are happy.(-) They are not happy.(?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(+) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(-) He doesn't send her a letter.(?) Does he send her a letter?
Change the form of the sentence below..
- Does Alice brush her teeth?
- Madison is not an artist.
- Jack and Jones are twins.
- Mr. Broom drives too slowly.
- We get so much homework.
- Does his cat bit its tail?
- Sonia likes coffee.
- Mom doesn't make tasty soup.
They don't call her.
They call her. / Do they call her?
Mira is her niece.
Mira is not her niece. / Is Mira her niece?
the rules in adding s/es
-ss, -o, -ch, -sh, -x, -z = (+)es
- kiss – kisses
- catch – catches
- push – pushes
- watch – watches
- I try.
- We study.
- They say.
- You worry.
- We fly.
- I stay awake.
- I enjoy games.
- Students play music.
- We buy a house.
- Mia and Joy play outside.
- It tries.
- Yeri ........
- Syakira .........
- Muthia ........
- A bird ........
- Rifda ........
- Emma ........
- Syakira ........
- Savvana ........
- Atma ........
consonant+y = change y to i, then (+)es
- cry - cries
- fry - fries
- try - tries
vowel+y = (+)s
- play - plays
- pay - pays
- enjoy - enjoys
Verb form practice.
Laura .....(leaves)..... her office everyday at 5:00 pm and ................ a bus to go home. She has a reguler schedule every evening. She ................ dinner and then ................ down to eat at 6:00 pm. After she ................ the dishes, she ................ on the TV. She usually ................ the news and then a movie. At 9:00 pm, she ................ a shower. She always ................ her teeth after her shower. Then she picks up a book and ................ in bed for a while. She usually ................ asleep before 10:00 pm.
Adverb of frequency in Simple Present :
in the middle of sentence :
in the end of sentence :
- always
- usually
- often
- sometimes
- seldom
- rarely
- never
- twice a day, twice a month, twice a year, etc
- three times a day, four times a week, etc
Sunday morning evening month year etc
Adverb of frequency in Simple Present :
Bianca, her bills on time. = Bianca always pays her bills on time. Our baby, at night. Paul, at the library. Laura, our home at weekend. The students, their books to class. The pilot, the plane. Laura, movie. The children, healthy food.
- pay, always
- cry, seldom
- study, every month
- stay, usually
- carry, always
- fly, three times a week
- watch, sometimes
- enjoy, everyday
Question words :
(QW) + do/does + S + V + O/Adv + ?
- Where do you live?
- How does she finish it?
- Why do they leave?
(QW) + is/are + S + Adv + ?
- Who are you?
- Why is she angry?
- Where are my glassess?
Question words relay :
A : Ask your partner questions using where. B : Answer the question.
- live
- eat lunch every day
- study at night
- buy scholl supplies
- go on weekends
- do your homework
- go on vacation
- do during free time
02.
Present Continuous
Present Continuous
isam are
= he, she, it= I = you, we, they
(+) She is playing violin.(-) She is playing violin. (?) Is she playing violin?
(+) They are studying right now.(-) They are not studying rigth now. (?) Are they studying right now?
Choose the key and tell us what the animal is doing.
e.g. : Horse is sleeping.
What are they doing?
the rules in adding -ing
Exception to rule #2 :do not double w, x, y - snowing - fixing - saying
consonant + e = drop the -e, then add -ing
- smile - smiling
- write - writing
1 vowel + 1 consonant = double the consonant, then add -ing
- take
- come
- dream
- bite
- hit
- join
- hurt
- plan
- dine
- warn
- fly
- laugh
- stand
- sleep
- clap
- write
- eat
- sing
- sneeze
- drink
- sit - sitting
- run - running
- put - putting
2 vowel + 1 consonant = simply add -ing
2 consonant = simply add -ing
- stand - standing
- push - pushing
Simple Present vs Present Progressive
Your turn :
The teacher doesn't write on the black board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Are the students paying attention to the teacher? We learn about grammar together. . . . . . . . .
(a) (b) (a) (b) (a) (b)
(a) They sit in class everyday. (b) They are sitting in class right now.
(a) They don't sit in class everyday. (b) They aren't sitting in class right now.
(a) Do they sit in class everyday? (b) Are they sitting in class right now?
Simple Present vs Present Progressive
Your turn :
The baby reads the book happily. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is she learning about colours? They enjoy reading book together. . . . . . . . .
(a) (b) (a) (b) (a) (b)
(a) Her baby reads a book every morning. (b) Her baby is reading a book in class right now.
(a) She doesn't read read a book to her baby. (b) She isn't reading a book to her baby.
(a) Do they read a story book? (b) Are they reading a story book?
03.
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Tense
S + have/has + V3
I have tried sushi.
S + have/has + not + V3
I have not tried sushi.
Have/Has + S + V3+ ?
Have you tried sushi ?
HASHAVE
: he, she, it: they, we, I, you
(+) Raffi Ahmad has travelled around the world.(-) Raffi Ahmad hasn't travelled around the world. (?) Has Raffi Ahmad travelled around the world?
(+) They have seen this movie two times.(-) They haven't seen this movie two times. (?) Have they seen this movie two times?
Present Perfect Tense
S + have/has + been + predicate
I have been a student since last year.
S + have/has + not + been + predicate
I have not been a student since last year.
Have/Has + S + been + predicate + ?
Have you been a student since last year?
HASHAVE
: he, she, it: they, we, I, you
(+ ) They have been friends since high school.(-) She hasn't been here for two hours. (?) Has she been here for two hours?
(+ ) She has been here for two hours.(-) She hasn't been here for two hours. (?) Has she been here for two hours?
Usage :
The present perfect expresses the idea that something happened (or never happened) before now, at an unspecified time in the past. The exact time it happened is not important.
- They have moved into a new house.
- Have you ever visited Lombok?
- I have already seen that movie.
- We have never seen snow, because we live in tropical country.
Usage :
The present perfect expresses the repitition of an activity before now. The exact time of each repetition is not important.
- I have flown on an airplane many times.
- They have finished four tests so far this semester.
The present perfect, when used with for or since, expresses a situation that began in the past and continues to the present.
- since + a particular time : I have met many people since I moved here in June.
- for + a duration of time : I have known him for two years.
Change the form of the sentence below..
- Emma has moved into new appartement.
- I haven't seen that movie.
- Have you ever visited Raja Ampat?
- She has bought a new sofa.
- They haven't eaten an entire pizza.
- Has Savvana been better?
- Rifda has been Math student since 2019.
They have done theirhomework.
They haven't done their homework. /Have they done their homework?
Oral Test
: see that movie : I have never seen that movie.
Example Response
drive, drove, driven buy, bought, bought read, read, read eat, ate, eaten sleep, slept, slept steal, stole, stolen
hold, held, held feed, fed, fed wear, wore, worn forget, forgot, forgotten have, had, had break, broken, broken
drive a truck buy an airplane read that novel eat paper sleep in a tent steal anything
hold a snake feed a lion wear a kimono forget my name have an accident break a window
Oral Test
: break your arm : Have you ever broken your arm? : Yes, I have. /OR/ No, I haven't.
Example Response A Response B
play a violin walk on the moon drive a limosin sell an house save a lost cat make a pie
climb, climbed, climbed write, wrote, written go, went, gone tell, told, told smoke, smoked, smoked see, saw, seen
play, played, played walk, walked, walked drive, drove, driven sell, sold, sold save, saved, saved make, made, made
climb a mountain write a novel go to Japan tell a lie smoke see a ghost
04.
Present Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
HASHAVE
: he, she, it: they, we, I, you
(+) She has been sitting there since 7 o'clock.(-) She hasn't been sitting there since 7 o'clock. (?) Has she been sitting there since 7 o'clock?
Simple Past // Past Continuous // Past Perfect
What's the meaning of the verb?
Dan was leaving the room
Usage :
This tense is used to indicate the duration of an activity that began in the past and continuous to the present. When this tense has this meaning, it is used with time words such as; for, since, all day, all morning, all week.
- I have been sitting here since 7 o'clock.
- You have been studying for five straight hours. Why don't you take a break?
- I have been waiting here for two hours.
Usage :
When the tense is used without any spesific mention of time, it expresses a general activity in progress recently or lately.
- I have been thinking about changing my major.
- All of the students have been studying hard. Final exams start next week.
- My back hurts, so I have been sleeping on the floor lately.
Present Perfect?
Present Perfect Continuous?
Present Perfect Continuous :
Present Perfect :
The movers have been taking our stuff to the new house.
The movers have taken our stuff to the new house.
ONGOING
FINISHED ACTION
the old house is empty now.
the movers are still moving it.
Present Perfect Continuous :
Present Perfect :
I've been trying to fix this.
I've tried to fix this.
ONGOING
FINISHED ACTION
I am done, I've tried to fix it many times.
See, I am going to keep trying to fix it.
Present Perfect Continuous :
Present Perfect :
They've been closing their restaurant.
They've closed their restaurant.
ONGOING
FINISHED ACTION
All of the restaurants are closed.
They are still closing it one by one, maybe.
Present Perfect Continuous?
Whoah, sorry I am sweating. I've been cycling.
action = finishedevidence = ongoing
She has been allergic to cats her whole life. She has been being allergic to cats her whole life. They've known about the truth since yesterday. They've been knowing about the truth since yesterday. This house has belonged to my family for generations. This house has been belonging to my family for generations.
My sister has graduated from uni. Icha and Deni have gotten married. He has broken his foot.
WORK
&
LIVE
I've lived here since 2018.I've been living here since 2018.
I've worked here for the last five years.I've been working here for the last five years.
The judges ..................... their decision and the runner up is Judika!
have made have been making
My best friend and her boyfriend are visiting me. To be honest ..................... they me nuts.
have driven have been driving
A : Would you like tea or coffee? B : No, thanks. I ..................... one.
have just had have just been having
My brother ..................... math to science lately.
has preferred has been preferring
05.
Simple Past
Simple Past Tense
WAS : she, he, it, I WERE : they, we, you
Time signal : yesterday, this morning, last ......, ...... ago
Simple Past Tense
(+) She finished her homework last night.(-) She did not finish her homework last night. (?) Did she finish her homework last night?
(+) The weather was so hot yesterday.(-) The weather was not so hot yesterday. It was fresh. (?) ............
(+) They invited me to the party last week.(-) ............ (?) ............
Usage :
This tense is used to indicate that an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the past. This activity doesn't related to the present time.
He bought a new car yesterday.
Alice was at Paris last month. Now, she is in Rome.
We graduated from uni two years ago.
Usage :
If a sentence contains when and has the simple past in both clause, the action in the "when clause" happens first.
When I dropped my cup, the coffee spilled on my lap.
When she heard a strange noise, she got up to investigate.
We walked down the street when it began to rain.
Simple Past vs Simple Present
- I am so happy. // I was so happy.
- They are in New York. // They were in New York.
- We learn about grammar today. // We learned about grammar last night.
- She visits our appartment. // She visited our appartment.
- They don't know my name. // They didn't know my name.
- Brice doesn't go to school today. // Brice didn't go to school yesterday.
- Bob is in class today. // ......... (yesterday)
- Joy and Brian are friends. // .........
- I join guitar course every weekend. // ......... (last year)
- She doesn't come to my party. // .........
- My parents don't sell their house. // .........
Yes/No Question
Informative Question
06.
Past Continuous
Past Continuous Tense
Time signal : more specific than simple past, because it used to emphasize the duration of the activity.
WAS : she, he, it, I WERE : they, we, you
Past Continuous Tense
WAS
Fill the blank and change the form!
WERE
They were playing football at 5 pm yesterday. They were not playing football at 5 pm yesterday. Were they playing football at 5 pm yesterday?
- Sania is doing yoga right now. I ......... doing the same thing at this exact same time yesterday.
- The children ......... watching movie when their cousin came here three days ago.
- When Mr. Ali entered the class, the students ......... talking about football match.
- The rescue team ......... trying to find the wreck of the submarine, when the storm subsided.
Use the simple past or past continuous in the folowing.
I am sitting in class right now. I (sit) was sitting in class at the exact same time yesterday.
- I don't want to go to the zoo today because it is raining again. Do you know? The same thing happened yesterday, I (want, not) ............ to go to the zoo because it (rain) ............
- I (call) ............ Ronald at 9 last night, but he (be, not) ............ at home. He (go) ............ to Liam's house.
- I (hear, not) ............ the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep) ............
- I got a package in the mail. When I (open) ............ it, I (find) ............ a surprise from my parents.
Melisa went to her friends' house, but the girls (be, not) ............ there. They (study) ............ at the town library. My elder brother and sister (argue) ............ about something when I (walk) ............ into the room. While Mrs. Emerson (read) ............ the little boy a story, he (fall) ............ asleep, so she (close) ............ the book and quietly (tiptoe) ............ out of the room. Stanley (climb) ............ the stairs when he (trip) ............ and (fall) ............ Luckily, he (hurt, not) ............ himself.
6. 7. 8. 9.
Simple Past vs Past Continuous
(c) I was studying when Jane called me yesterday.(d) While I was studying last night, Jane called me.
(a)Jane called me yesterday.(b) I talked to Jane for an hour last night.
The past progressive describes an activity that was in progress (was happening) at the time another action happened (interrupted action).In (c) and (d): The studying was in progress when Jane called.
The simple past describes activities at situations that began and ended at a particular time in the past (e.g., yesterday, last night)
07.
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense
'Before' and 'After'
Past Perfect expresses an activity that was completed before another activity or time in the past.
(a) Sam had already left when we got there.
(first)
(second)
- Sam had left before we got there.
- Sam left before we got there.
- After my father had come, we washed the car together.
- After my father came, we washed the car together.
If either before or after is used in the sentence, the past perfect is often not neccessary because the time relationship is already clear.
'Before' and 'After'
- He (be) .......... a newspaper reporter before he (become) .......... a bussiness man.
- I (feel) ............... a little better after I (take) .......... the medicine.
- I was late. The teacher (give) .......... a quiz when I (get) .......... to class.
- The scientists (begin) .......... the experiment after they (collect) .......... enough data.
- My parents (eat, already) .......... by the time I got home.
How to remember the meaning..
Simple Past // Past Continuous // Past Perfect
How to remember the meaning..
Simple Past // Past Continuous // Past Perfect
(When 5, 5) When I cooked, the mouse appeared. (While 6, 5) While I was cooking, the mouse appeared. (6 when 5) I was cooking, when the mous appeared. (7 when 5) I had cooked, when the mous appeared. (After 7, 5) After I had cooked, the mouse appeared. (7, before 5) I had cooked, before the mouse appeared.
Complete the sentences.
- While my cousin and I (have) .......... dinner at the restaurant last night, we (see) .......... a friend of mine. I (introduce) .......... her to my cousin.
- When I (hear) .......... a knock at the door last night, I (walk) .......... to the door and (open) .......... it. When I (open) .......... the door, I (see) .......... my brother. I (greet) .......... him and (ask) .......... him to come in.
- My cousin and I (watch) .......... a movie on TV last night when my brother (come) .......... He (watch) .......... the end of the movie with us.
- Class (begin , already) .......... by the time I (get) .......... there, so I (take, quietly) .......... a seat in the back.
- I almost missed my plane. All of the other passengers (board, already) .......... by the time I (get) .......... there.
- While I (walk) .......... to class yesterday morning, I (see) .......... Abdullah. We (say) .......... hello and (walk) .......... the rest of the way to school together.
- Millions of years ago, dinosaurs (roam) .......... the earth, but they (become) .......... extinct by the time human kind first (appear) ..........
- I (see, never) .......... any of picasso's painting before I (visit) .......... the art museum.
08.
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Use Present Perfect Continuous or Past Perfect Continuous
- It is midnight. I (study) .......... for five straight hours. No wonder. I am getting tired.
- It was midnight. I (study) .......... for five straight hours. No wonder. I was getting tired.
- Jack suddenly realised that the teacher was asking him a question. He couldn't answer because he (daydream) .......... for the last ten minutes.
- Wake up! You (sleep) .......... long enough. It's time to get up.
- At least two hundred people were waiting in line to buy tickets to the game. Some of them (stand) .......... in line for more than four hours. We decided not to try to get tickets for ourselves.
09.
Simple Future
Simple Future Tense
(+) She is going to finish her task tomorrow.(-) She is not going to finish her task tomorrow. (?) Is she going to finish her task tomorrow?
(+) She will finish her task tomorrow.(-) She will not finish her task tomorrow. (?) Will she finish her task tomorrow?
Will vs Be going to
Willingness
Prior Plan
(A) Why did you buy this paint?(B) I'm going to repaint my gate tomorrow. I talked to Mr Brown yesterday. He is tired of taking the bus to work. He's going to buy a car. That's what he told me.
(A) I don't understand this question.(B) Ask your teacher. She'll help you. (A) The phone is ringing. (B) I'll get it.
Will ft Be going to
Prediction
According to the weather report, it will be cloudy tomorrow.According to the weather report, it's going to be cloudy tomorrow.
Expressing prior plan, willingness, and prediction.
Listen carefully and choose the answer?
- will translate / am gonna translate / both
- will go/ am gonna go / both
- will graduate / is gonna graduate / both
- will probably see / is probably gonna see / both
- will enroll / am gonna enroll / both
- will be / is gonna be / both
- will make / am gonna make / both
- will get / am gonna get / both
- will be / am gonna be / both
- will erase / am gonna erase / both
- will come / is gonna come / both
- will affect / is gonna affect / both
- will place / am gonna place / both
- will turn / am gonna turn / both
- will get / am gonna get / both
10.
Future Continuous
Future Continuous Tense
11.
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Tense
12.
Future Perfect Continuous
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Make sentence using Future Perfect Continuous
Thanks!
Tenses
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Transcript
Let's get closer with :
TENSES
Tenses :
a verb-based method used to indicate the time, and sometimes the continuation or completeness, of an action or state in relation to the time of speaking.
FUTURE
PAST
PRESENT
Tenses :
FUTURE
PAST
PRESENT
My baby eats everyday.
My baby ate yesterday.
My baby will eat tomorrow.
12 Verb Tenses
Simple Future
Simple Past
Simple Present
Present Continuous
Future Continuous
Past Continuous
Future Perfect
Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous
Simple way to remember tenses :
3 times and 4 aspects
PAST
PRESENT
FUTURE
We study English.
We will study English.
We studied English.
SIMPLE FUTURE
SIMPLE PAST
SIMPLE PRESENT
We is studying English.
We will be studying English.
We was studying English.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
We had studied English.
We have studied English.
We will have studied English.
FUTURE PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
We have been studying English.
We will have been studying English.
We had been studying English.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
01.
Simple Present
When do we use Simple Present?
= he, she, it= I, you, we, they
isam are
= he, she, it= I = you, we, they
doesdo
= he, she, it= I, you, we, they
Vs/esV1
(+) You make pizza.(-) You don't make pizza.(?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(+) She is a teacher.(-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(?) Is she a teacher?
(+) They are happy.(-) They are not happy.(?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(+) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(-) He doesn't send her a letter.(?) Does he send her a letter?
Change the form of the sentence below..
They don't call her.
They call her. / Do they call her?
Mira is her niece.
Mira is not her niece. / Is Mira her niece?
the rules in adding s/es
-ss, -o, -ch, -sh, -x, -z = (+)es
consonant+y = change y to i, then (+)es
vowel+y = (+)s
Verb form practice.
Laura .....(leaves)..... her office everyday at 5:00 pm and ................ a bus to go home. She has a reguler schedule every evening. She ................ dinner and then ................ down to eat at 6:00 pm. After she ................ the dishes, she ................ on the TV. She usually ................ the news and then a movie. At 9:00 pm, she ................ a shower. She always ................ her teeth after her shower. Then she picks up a book and ................ in bed for a while. She usually ................ asleep before 10:00 pm.
Adverb of frequency in Simple Present :
in the middle of sentence :
in the end of sentence :
Sunday morning evening month year etc
Adverb of frequency in Simple Present :
Bianca, her bills on time. = Bianca always pays her bills on time. Our baby, at night. Paul, at the library. Laura, our home at weekend. The students, their books to class. The pilot, the plane. Laura, movie. The children, healthy food.
Question words :
(QW) + do/does + S + V + O/Adv + ?
(QW) + is/are + S + Adv + ?
Question words relay :
A : Ask your partner questions using where. B : Answer the question.
02.
Present Continuous
Present Continuous
isam are
= he, she, it= I = you, we, they
(+) She is playing violin.(-) She is playing violin. (?) Is she playing violin?
(+) They are studying right now.(-) They are not studying rigth now. (?) Are they studying right now?
Choose the key and tell us what the animal is doing.
e.g. : Horse is sleeping.
What are they doing?
the rules in adding -ing
Exception to rule #2 :do not double w, x, y - snowing - fixing - saying
consonant + e = drop the -e, then add -ing
1 vowel + 1 consonant = double the consonant, then add -ing
2 vowel + 1 consonant = simply add -ing
2 consonant = simply add -ing
Simple Present vs Present Progressive
Your turn :
The teacher doesn't write on the black board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Are the students paying attention to the teacher? We learn about grammar together. . . . . . . . .
(a) (b) (a) (b) (a) (b)
(a) They sit in class everyday. (b) They are sitting in class right now.
(a) They don't sit in class everyday. (b) They aren't sitting in class right now.
(a) Do they sit in class everyday? (b) Are they sitting in class right now?
Simple Present vs Present Progressive
Your turn :
The baby reads the book happily. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is she learning about colours? They enjoy reading book together. . . . . . . . .
(a) (b) (a) (b) (a) (b)
(a) Her baby reads a book every morning. (b) Her baby is reading a book in class right now.
(a) She doesn't read read a book to her baby. (b) She isn't reading a book to her baby.
(a) Do they read a story book? (b) Are they reading a story book?
03.
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Tense
S + have/has + V3
I have tried sushi.
S + have/has + not + V3
I have not tried sushi.
Have/Has + S + V3+ ?
Have you tried sushi ?
HASHAVE
: he, she, it: they, we, I, you
(+) Raffi Ahmad has travelled around the world.(-) Raffi Ahmad hasn't travelled around the world. (?) Has Raffi Ahmad travelled around the world?
(+) They have seen this movie two times.(-) They haven't seen this movie two times. (?) Have they seen this movie two times?
Present Perfect Tense
S + have/has + been + predicate
I have been a student since last year.
S + have/has + not + been + predicate
I have not been a student since last year.
Have/Has + S + been + predicate + ?
Have you been a student since last year?
HASHAVE
: he, she, it: they, we, I, you
(+ ) They have been friends since high school.(-) She hasn't been here for two hours. (?) Has she been here for two hours?
(+ ) She has been here for two hours.(-) She hasn't been here for two hours. (?) Has she been here for two hours?
Usage :
The present perfect expresses the idea that something happened (or never happened) before now, at an unspecified time in the past. The exact time it happened is not important.
Usage :
The present perfect expresses the repitition of an activity before now. The exact time of each repetition is not important.
The present perfect, when used with for or since, expresses a situation that began in the past and continues to the present.
Change the form of the sentence below..
They have done theirhomework.
They haven't done their homework. /Have they done their homework?
Oral Test
: see that movie : I have never seen that movie.
Example Response
drive, drove, driven buy, bought, bought read, read, read eat, ate, eaten sleep, slept, slept steal, stole, stolen
hold, held, held feed, fed, fed wear, wore, worn forget, forgot, forgotten have, had, had break, broken, broken
drive a truck buy an airplane read that novel eat paper sleep in a tent steal anything
hold a snake feed a lion wear a kimono forget my name have an accident break a window
Oral Test
: break your arm : Have you ever broken your arm? : Yes, I have. /OR/ No, I haven't.
Example Response A Response B
play a violin walk on the moon drive a limosin sell an house save a lost cat make a pie
climb, climbed, climbed write, wrote, written go, went, gone tell, told, told smoke, smoked, smoked see, saw, seen
play, played, played walk, walked, walked drive, drove, driven sell, sold, sold save, saved, saved make, made, made
climb a mountain write a novel go to Japan tell a lie smoke see a ghost
04.
Present Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
HASHAVE
: he, she, it: they, we, I, you
(+) She has been sitting there since 7 o'clock.(-) She hasn't been sitting there since 7 o'clock. (?) Has she been sitting there since 7 o'clock?
Simple Past // Past Continuous // Past Perfect
What's the meaning of the verb?
Dan was leaving the room
Usage :
This tense is used to indicate the duration of an activity that began in the past and continuous to the present. When this tense has this meaning, it is used with time words such as; for, since, all day, all morning, all week.
Usage :
When the tense is used without any spesific mention of time, it expresses a general activity in progress recently or lately.
Present Perfect?
Present Perfect Continuous?
Present Perfect Continuous :
Present Perfect :
The movers have been taking our stuff to the new house.
The movers have taken our stuff to the new house.
ONGOING
FINISHED ACTION
the old house is empty now.
the movers are still moving it.
Present Perfect Continuous :
Present Perfect :
I've been trying to fix this.
I've tried to fix this.
ONGOING
FINISHED ACTION
I am done, I've tried to fix it many times.
See, I am going to keep trying to fix it.
Present Perfect Continuous :
Present Perfect :
They've been closing their restaurant.
They've closed their restaurant.
ONGOING
FINISHED ACTION
All of the restaurants are closed.
They are still closing it one by one, maybe.
Present Perfect Continuous?
Whoah, sorry I am sweating. I've been cycling.
action = finishedevidence = ongoing
She has been allergic to cats her whole life. She has been being allergic to cats her whole life. They've known about the truth since yesterday. They've been knowing about the truth since yesterday. This house has belonged to my family for generations. This house has been belonging to my family for generations.
My sister has graduated from uni. Icha and Deni have gotten married. He has broken his foot.
WORK
&
LIVE
I've lived here since 2018.I've been living here since 2018.
I've worked here for the last five years.I've been working here for the last five years.
The judges ..................... their decision and the runner up is Judika!
have made have been making
My best friend and her boyfriend are visiting me. To be honest ..................... they me nuts.
have driven have been driving
A : Would you like tea or coffee? B : No, thanks. I ..................... one.
have just had have just been having
My brother ..................... math to science lately.
has preferred has been preferring
05.
Simple Past
Simple Past Tense
WAS : she, he, it, I WERE : they, we, you
Time signal : yesterday, this morning, last ......, ...... ago
Simple Past Tense
(+) She finished her homework last night.(-) She did not finish her homework last night. (?) Did she finish her homework last night?
(+) The weather was so hot yesterday.(-) The weather was not so hot yesterday. It was fresh. (?) ............
(+) They invited me to the party last week.(-) ............ (?) ............
Usage :
This tense is used to indicate that an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the past. This activity doesn't related to the present time.
He bought a new car yesterday.
Alice was at Paris last month. Now, she is in Rome.
We graduated from uni two years ago.
Usage :
If a sentence contains when and has the simple past in both clause, the action in the "when clause" happens first.
When I dropped my cup, the coffee spilled on my lap.
When she heard a strange noise, she got up to investigate.
We walked down the street when it began to rain.
Simple Past vs Simple Present
Yes/No Question
Informative Question
06.
Past Continuous
Past Continuous Tense
Time signal : more specific than simple past, because it used to emphasize the duration of the activity.
WAS : she, he, it, I WERE : they, we, you
Past Continuous Tense
WAS
Fill the blank and change the form!
WERE
They were playing football at 5 pm yesterday. They were not playing football at 5 pm yesterday. Were they playing football at 5 pm yesterday?
Use the simple past or past continuous in the folowing.
I am sitting in class right now. I (sit) was sitting in class at the exact same time yesterday.
Melisa went to her friends' house, but the girls (be, not) ............ there. They (study) ............ at the town library. My elder brother and sister (argue) ............ about something when I (walk) ............ into the room. While Mrs. Emerson (read) ............ the little boy a story, he (fall) ............ asleep, so she (close) ............ the book and quietly (tiptoe) ............ out of the room. Stanley (climb) ............ the stairs when he (trip) ............ and (fall) ............ Luckily, he (hurt, not) ............ himself.
6. 7. 8. 9.
Simple Past vs Past Continuous
(c) I was studying when Jane called me yesterday.(d) While I was studying last night, Jane called me.
(a)Jane called me yesterday.(b) I talked to Jane for an hour last night.
The past progressive describes an activity that was in progress (was happening) at the time another action happened (interrupted action).In (c) and (d): The studying was in progress when Jane called.
The simple past describes activities at situations that began and ended at a particular time in the past (e.g., yesterday, last night)
07.
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense
'Before' and 'After'
Past Perfect expresses an activity that was completed before another activity or time in the past.
(a) Sam had already left when we got there.
(first)
(second)
If either before or after is used in the sentence, the past perfect is often not neccessary because the time relationship is already clear.
'Before' and 'After'
How to remember the meaning..
Simple Past // Past Continuous // Past Perfect
How to remember the meaning..
Simple Past // Past Continuous // Past Perfect
(When 5, 5) When I cooked, the mouse appeared. (While 6, 5) While I was cooking, the mouse appeared. (6 when 5) I was cooking, when the mous appeared. (7 when 5) I had cooked, when the mous appeared. (After 7, 5) After I had cooked, the mouse appeared. (7, before 5) I had cooked, before the mouse appeared.
Complete the sentences.
08.
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Use Present Perfect Continuous or Past Perfect Continuous
09.
Simple Future
Simple Future Tense
(+) She is going to finish her task tomorrow.(-) She is not going to finish her task tomorrow. (?) Is she going to finish her task tomorrow?
(+) She will finish her task tomorrow.(-) She will not finish her task tomorrow. (?) Will she finish her task tomorrow?
Will vs Be going to
Willingness
Prior Plan
(A) Why did you buy this paint?(B) I'm going to repaint my gate tomorrow. I talked to Mr Brown yesterday. He is tired of taking the bus to work. He's going to buy a car. That's what he told me.
(A) I don't understand this question.(B) Ask your teacher. She'll help you. (A) The phone is ringing. (B) I'll get it.
Will ft Be going to
Prediction
According to the weather report, it will be cloudy tomorrow.According to the weather report, it's going to be cloudy tomorrow.
Expressing prior plan, willingness, and prediction.
Listen carefully and choose the answer?
10.
Future Continuous
Future Continuous Tense
11.
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Tense
12.
Future Perfect Continuous
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Make sentence using Future Perfect Continuous
Thanks!