Maternal Inheritance In Mirabilis Jalapa

EXTRANUCLEAR INHERITANCE IN MIRABILIS JALAPA

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Introduction

An extranuclear inheritance or cytoplasmic inheritance is the transmission of heredity traits through factors in the cytoplasm. Extranuclear inheritance is a term that describes inheritance patterns that involve genetic material outside of the nucleus. This form of non-Mendelian inheritance in which traits are passed down from parent to offspring through non-chromosomal cytoplasmic means. In addition, the nucleus of a cell contains the DNA of a cell and its core but there are some exceptions to this general rule so that there are certain organelles that have their DNA and two very well-known examples. These are mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their DNA and can replicate their DNA independently of the nucleus of the cell. For example, that shows the maternal inheritance is the four-clock plant. The interesting facts about this plant, we can see many different types of leaves color in the same plant

Explanation maternal inheritance in mirabilis jalapa

In this case, we use maternal inheritance in this example, which refers to the unilateral transfer of hereditary traits through the mother. The phenotype of the offspring is unaffected by the genotype of the father and offspring. The accumulation of gene products that the mother supplies to her developing eggs causes this occurrence. The mother's genotype, not the phenotype, determines the progeny's phenotype. Chloroplast DNA is referred to as cpDNA. cpDNA has in it the stuff that the chloroplast needs to carry out photosynthesis and one of the genes in the chloroplast DNA is a gene that makes chlorophyll, which is a pigment that's involved in photosynthesis and chlorophyll is what makes the leaf green. It's a pigment that turns the leaf greener and, if you want to be more specific, chlorophyll absorbs all the colors and sunlight except for green, so the green is reflected. However, the point is that chlorophyll makes the leaf become green.

Based on the diagram, the mother's genotype had white pigmentation. All of the offspring had white leaves. Following that, the mother's genotype had green pigmentation, and all of the offspring had green leaves.Then, if the mother's genotype is variegated, the offspring could be white, green, or variegated. Additionally, the phenotypes of leaves can be explained by the types of chloroplast within the leaf cells. The green phenotype is due to the presence of normal chloroplasts that make green pigment. The white phenotype is due to a mutation in a gene within the chloroplast DNA that diminishes the synthesis of pigment into a green color. Besides that, in the offspring from a variegated mother's genotype, green, white, and variegated progeny are recovered in variable proportions. The variegated parent produces three kinds of egg-some with colorless plastids, some that contain only green plastids, and some with both chloroplasts and leucoplasts. As a result, zygotes derived from these three types of egg cells will develop into green, white, and variegated offspring, respectively.

Conclusion

Thus, in Mirabilis, Jalapa plant color exhibits strict maternal inheritance. Maternal inheritance occurs because the chloroplasts are inherited only through the cytoplasm of the egg. Various crosses of the leaf phenotypes of Mirabilis Jalapa clearly indicate that the leaf phenotype of the progeny is the same as that of the female parent. The phenotype of male parents did not contribute anything to the progeny. As a result, the leaves of Mirabilis Jalapa may be green, white, or variegated. Also, some branches may have only green, only white, or only variegated leaves.

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NUR AIN SYAFIQA BINTI ABDUL KADIR F20A0509 NUR NAIMAH BINTI MOHD SHAMSUDIN F20A0531 NUR HANISAH BINTI MUHAMAD ZA F20A0528 NUR AIZAWANIS BINTI ZAINI F20A0511 NUR EMILIANA NADIRAH BINTI ALI F20A0519 NUR SYAHIRAH NATASHA BINTI ROZIZAN F20A0542