Mirabilis jalapa, also known as the Peruvian marvel of four o'clock, is the most commonly grown ornamental species or mirabilis plant. It comes in a variety of colours such as yellow, pink, and white, but different flower combinations can be found on the same single four o'clock plant. Extranuclear or cytoplasmic inheritance is defined because the transmission of genes that don't seem to be a part of the nucleus, i.e. cytoplasmic genes. it's seen within the case of mitochondrial, chloroplast, virus, or bacterial gene inheritance. a decent example of plastid inheritance is that the plant four o'clock. common four-o'clock leaves is green, white, or variegated. this is often because of the inheritance of plastids.Plastids are cytoplasmic organelles found in plant cells. There are many alternative kinds of plastids in an exceedingly cell, but the foremost important is that the chloroplast, which contains chlorophyll pigments and thus allows photosynthesis to occur. Because chloroplasts have their own DNA, they'll divide independently of the nucleus. Because plastids are a part of the cytoplasm, the zygote receives cytoplasm from the feminine gamete (mother's cell), and therefore the plastid genes are thus inherited from the mother. the identical is true within the case of common four-o'clock, where some characters are observed within the plant as a results of plastid genes.
PLANT BEARING THE EGG
White leaves
Green leaves
Variegated leaves
Plant with green leaves that contains chloroplast that can produce chloropyll
Plant with white leaves that contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chloropyll
Plants with variegated leaves contains three types of chloroplast which are:
The phenotype of the offspring is decided by the phenotype of the branch from which the egg was produced, not by the phenotype of the branch from which the pollen was produced. The color of the stem and leaf is inherited from the cytoplasm.
Thus, Mirabis Jalapa with green leaves has chloroplasts that able to produce chlorophyll. One with white leaves has mutation chloroplasts that unable to produce chlorophyll and one with variegated leaves contains chloroplasts that only able to produce small amount of chlorophyll. So, depending on where the flower grows, the egg might have chloroplasts, mutation chloroplast or a mixture of both types of chloroplasts. This is the biological foundation for maternal descent.
The phenotype of the offspring is decided by the phenotype of the branch from which the egg was produced, not by the phenotype of the branch from which the pollen was produced. The color of the stem and leaf is inherited from the cytoplasm.
Thus, chloroplasts in green shoots have chlorophyll, chloroplasts in white shoots do not, and chloroplasts in variegated shoots include some chloroplasts with chlorophyll and others without chlorophyll.
So, depending on where the flower grows, the egg might have chloroplasts with chlorophyll, chloroplasts without chlorophyll, or a mixture of both types of chloroplasts. This is the biological foundation for maternal descent.
A. Chloropast that able to produce chlorophyll B. Mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll C. Mutation chloroplst that able to produce small amount of chlorophyll
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type C from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type B from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with green leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with white leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type A from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
Green leaves
Plant with green leaves that contains chloroplast that can produce chloropyll
Green leaves
Green leaves
White leaves
White leaves
Variegated leaves
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type B from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with green leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with white leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type A from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type C from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
White leaves
Plant with white leaves that contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chloropyll
POLLEN PLANT
Variegated leaves
White leaves
White leaves
Green leaves
Green leaves
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type C from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type B from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type A from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with white leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
Variegated leaves
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with green leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
Plants with variegated leaves contains three types of chloroplast which are:
A. Chloropast that can produce chlorophyll B. Mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll C. Mutation chloroplst that able to produce small amount of chlorophyll
GROUP MEMBERS
White leaves
Green leaves
Variegated leaves
White leaves
Green leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the egg
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the pollen
Progeny
Reciprocal cross between Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves that bearing egg and Mirabilis Jalapa with any colours of leaves that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
The progeny's phenotype is always similar to that of the female parent, and the male had no influence on the character.
Chloroplasts are self-replicating cell organelles that are only transmitted as undifferentiated protoplastids through the cytoplasm of the egg cell during sexual reproduction. They are not passed down through the generations via pollen.
Germ cells are formed late in the development of plants when cells at the tip of a branch are converted into gamete-producing cells.
A pure green branch will produce egg cells with green chloroplasts, which will produce pure green offspring.
The pollen cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
All the progeny will Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves
The egg cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the egg
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the pollen
Progeny
Reciprocal cross between Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves that bearing egg and Mirabilis Jalapa with any colours of leaves that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
A reciprocal cross performed by white (female seed) and green Mirabilis (male seed) leaves. The progeny of the cross exhibited the same phenotypic as the female parent, white color. Thus, leaves color in Mirabilis is strictly inherited from the mother.
Another, reciprocal cross performed by white (female seed) and white Mirabilis (male seed) leaves. Same as above, the progeny has the same color as the female parent which is white leaves.
Variegated leaves from male seed and white leaves from female seed are shown the reciprocal cross. As a result, their inheritance is white leaves.
The pollen cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
All the progeny will Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves
The egg cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the egg
Progeny
Reciprocal cross between Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves that bearing egg and Mirabilis Jalapa with any colours of leaves that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa with any colour of leaves
Variegated leaves in Mirabilis Jalapa contain DNA that have some regular chloroplast which can produce chlorophyll and some mutation chloroplast that cannot produce or produce small amount of chlorophyll. Therefore, the progeny will have the possibility to have three types of chloroplast (able to produce chlorophyll or unable to produce chlorophyll or able to produce small amount of chlorophyll) and it is based on the type of chloroplast exists in the egg cell. This DNA contributed by the egg cell to the zygote while sperm cell just contribute the DNA in the nucleus only. The colour of variegated leave just exhibit maternal inheritance (extranuclear inheritance). The progeny have nothings to do with sperm cell/pollen cell because it only occur in egg cell.
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves
Mutation chloroplasts
Normal chlorophlasts
Mutation chloroplasts
The egg cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with any colour of leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves has three possible type of egg cell
Mutation chloroplasts
Mutation chloroplasts
Normal chlorophlast
The progeny cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The egg cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with any colour of leaves
The egg cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
Mutation chlorophlasts
Normal chloroplasts
Mutation chloroplasts
Extranuclear Inheritance of Mirabilis Jalapa
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Transcript
Mirabilis jalapa, also known as the Peruvian marvel of four o'clock, is the most commonly grown ornamental species or mirabilis plant. It comes in a variety of colours such as yellow, pink, and white, but different flower combinations can be found on the same single four o'clock plant. Extranuclear or cytoplasmic inheritance is defined because the transmission of genes that don't seem to be a part of the nucleus, i.e. cytoplasmic genes. it's seen within the case of mitochondrial, chloroplast, virus, or bacterial gene inheritance. a decent example of plastid inheritance is that the plant four o'clock. common four-o'clock leaves is green, white, or variegated. this is often because of the inheritance of plastids.Plastids are cytoplasmic organelles found in plant cells. There are many alternative kinds of plastids in an exceedingly cell, but the foremost important is that the chloroplast, which contains chlorophyll pigments and thus allows photosynthesis to occur. Because chloroplasts have their own DNA, they'll divide independently of the nucleus. Because plastids are a part of the cytoplasm, the zygote receives cytoplasm from the feminine gamete (mother's cell), and therefore the plastid genes are thus inherited from the mother. the identical is true within the case of common four-o'clock, where some characters are observed within the plant as a results of plastid genes.
PLANT BEARING THE EGG
White leaves
Green leaves
Variegated leaves
Plant with green leaves that contains chloroplast that can produce chloropyll
Plant with white leaves that contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chloropyll
Plants with variegated leaves contains three types of chloroplast which are:
The phenotype of the offspring is decided by the phenotype of the branch from which the egg was produced, not by the phenotype of the branch from which the pollen was produced. The color of the stem and leaf is inherited from the cytoplasm. Thus, Mirabis Jalapa with green leaves has chloroplasts that able to produce chlorophyll. One with white leaves has mutation chloroplasts that unable to produce chlorophyll and one with variegated leaves contains chloroplasts that only able to produce small amount of chlorophyll. So, depending on where the flower grows, the egg might have chloroplasts, mutation chloroplast or a mixture of both types of chloroplasts. This is the biological foundation for maternal descent.
The phenotype of the offspring is decided by the phenotype of the branch from which the egg was produced, not by the phenotype of the branch from which the pollen was produced. The color of the stem and leaf is inherited from the cytoplasm. Thus, chloroplasts in green shoots have chlorophyll, chloroplasts in white shoots do not, and chloroplasts in variegated shoots include some chloroplasts with chlorophyll and others without chlorophyll. So, depending on where the flower grows, the egg might have chloroplasts with chlorophyll, chloroplasts without chlorophyll, or a mixture of both types of chloroplasts. This is the biological foundation for maternal descent.
A. Chloropast that able to produce chlorophyll B. Mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll C. Mutation chloroplst that able to produce small amount of chlorophyll
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type C from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type B from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with green leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with white leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type A from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with green leaves resulted to the progeny with
Green leaves
Plant with green leaves that contains chloroplast that can produce chloropyll
Green leaves
Green leaves
White leaves
White leaves
Variegated leaves
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type B from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with green leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with white leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type A from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type C from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
White leaves
Plant with white leaves that contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chloropyll
POLLEN PLANT
Variegated leaves
White leaves
White leaves
Green leaves
Green leaves
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type C from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with white leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type B from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg containing chloroplast type A from plant with variegated leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with white leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
Variegated leaves
The reciprocal cross between the egg from plant with green leaves and pollen from plants with variegated leaves resulted to the progeny with
Plants with variegated leaves contains three types of chloroplast which are:
A. Chloropast that can produce chlorophyll B. Mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll C. Mutation chloroplst that able to produce small amount of chlorophyll
GROUP MEMBERS
White leaves
Green leaves
Variegated leaves
White leaves
Green leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the egg
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the pollen
Progeny
Reciprocal cross between Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves that bearing egg and Mirabilis Jalapa with any colours of leaves that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
The progeny's phenotype is always similar to that of the female parent, and the male had no influence on the character. Chloroplasts are self-replicating cell organelles that are only transmitted as undifferentiated protoplastids through the cytoplasm of the egg cell during sexual reproduction. They are not passed down through the generations via pollen. Germ cells are formed late in the development of plants when cells at the tip of a branch are converted into gamete-producing cells. A pure green branch will produce egg cells with green chloroplasts, which will produce pure green offspring.
The pollen cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
All the progeny will Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves
The egg cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the egg
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the pollen
Progeny
Reciprocal cross between Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves that bearing egg and Mirabilis Jalapa with any colours of leaves that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa with green leaves
A reciprocal cross performed by white (female seed) and green Mirabilis (male seed) leaves. The progeny of the cross exhibited the same phenotypic as the female parent, white color. Thus, leaves color in Mirabilis is strictly inherited from the mother. Another, reciprocal cross performed by white (female seed) and white Mirabilis (male seed) leaves. Same as above, the progeny has the same color as the female parent which is white leaves. Variegated leaves from male seed and white leaves from female seed are shown the reciprocal cross. As a result, their inheritance is white leaves.
The pollen cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
All the progeny will Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with white leaves
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves
The egg cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The pollen cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa that bearing the egg
Progeny
Reciprocal cross between Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves that bearing egg and Mirabilis Jalapa with any colours of leaves that bearing the pollen
Mirabilis Jalapa with any colour of leaves
Variegated leaves in Mirabilis Jalapa contain DNA that have some regular chloroplast which can produce chlorophyll and some mutation chloroplast that cannot produce or produce small amount of chlorophyll. Therefore, the progeny will have the possibility to have three types of chloroplast (able to produce chlorophyll or unable to produce chlorophyll or able to produce small amount of chlorophyll) and it is based on the type of chloroplast exists in the egg cell. This DNA contributed by the egg cell to the zygote while sperm cell just contribute the DNA in the nucleus only. The colour of variegated leave just exhibit maternal inheritance (extranuclear inheritance). The progeny have nothings to do with sperm cell/pollen cell because it only occur in egg cell.
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves
Mutation chloroplasts
Normal chlorophlasts
Mutation chloroplasts
The egg cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains chloroplast that able to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with any colour of leaves
Mirabilis Jalapa with variegated leaves has three possible type of egg cell
Mutation chloroplasts
Mutation chloroplasts
Normal chlorophlast
The progeny cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
The egg cell contains mutation chloroplast that unable to produce chlorophyll
Mirabilis Jalapa with any colour of leaves
The egg cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
The progeny cell contains mutation chloroplast that able to produce small amount chlorophyll
Mutation chlorophlasts
Normal chloroplasts
Mutation chloroplasts