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Transcript
PROJECT DATA BOOK
Coconut Husk as an Alternative Raw Material for Papermaking
PREPARED BY:ALAG, EDUARD ANGELO RAPHAEL AC.MUTUC, DOMINIC MARTIN C.
RESEARCHERS
RESEARCH ADVISER
REVIEWED BY:MARIBEL L. NAYAD
CONTENTS
WEEK 4
WEEK 1
WEEK 2
WEEK 5
WEEK 6
WEEK 3
Progress Report
Week 1
Gantt Chart
Tasks
This week, the project started. We began revising the first three chapters of the research paper. Also, we prepared some of the materials while some of them we are waiting to be delivered.
Observations
Problems Encountered
Photos and Videos
Remarks
DATE: April 12, 2021- April 18, 2021
GO TO WEEK 2
Return TO CONTENTS
WEEK
Progress Report
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Progress Report
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Progress Report
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Gantt Chart
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Gantt Chart
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Tasks
This week we decided which materials are to be used. We determined to use coconut husks as the source of fiber for our handmade paper. We also selected xanthan gum as a paper stabilizer. The first three chapters are still in the process of revision and changes.
GO TO WEEK 2
RETURN TO WEEK 1
WEEK
Observations
We distinguished that we can use different concentrations of xanthan gum. The varying concentration of xanthan gum will determine if the xanthan gum strengthened the paper. We also identified that we need to use proper proportions in the materials that we are going to use.
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Problems Encountered
We found it difficult to remove the endocarp and epicarp of the coconut because they're so hard and tight. Searching for materials we need is also difficult because some are ordered online and it takes so much time for them to be delivered. Also, some of the materials are very expensive.
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Photos and Videos
These are the only materials we have this time.
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Remarks
Revision of Chapter 1: 40%Revision of Chapter 2: 35% Revision of Chapter 3: 50% Preparation of Materials: 57.14%
RETURN TO WEEK 1
GO TO WEEK 2
Progress Report
Week 2
Gantt Chart
Tasks
The materials are not yet complete because shipping takes time. We continue updating the first three chapters for the research paper.
Observations
Problems Encountered
Photos and Videos
Remarks
DATE: April 19, 2021- April 25, 2021
GO TO WEEK 3
Return TO CONTENTS
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Tasks
This week, the micrometer caliper and soda ash arrived but we are still waiting for the other materials we ordered online to be delivered. We also have our mold and deckle for molding paper. We continue updating the first three chapters of the research paper, concept note, and research proposal.
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Observations
We determined that we need one treatment with 0% xanthan gum. Less quality in 0% xanthan gum will show that the stabilizer we used is effective.
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Problems Encountered
We haven't started the experimentation yet because the products we bought online takes so much time to be shipped. The lockdown is still preventing us to go out. Now, we continue to update the documents for the research project through a shared drive.
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Photos and Videos
The micrometer caliper and soda ash arrived and the mold and deckle are manually made.
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
WEEK
Remarks
Revision of Chapter 1: 40% Revision of Chapter 2: 35% Revision of Chapter 3: 50% Preparation of Materials: 71.43%
GO TO WEEK 3
RETURN TO WEEK 2
Progress Report
Week 3
Gantt Chart
Tasks
This week, we collected the coconut husks from the local market. We are still updating the chapter 1-3, concept note, and research proposal.
Observations
Problems Encountered
Photos and Videos
Remarks
DATE: April 26, 2021- May 2, 2021
GO TO WEEK 4
Return TO CONTENTS
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Tasks
We collected the coconut husks and are now being dried in the sun. We are still waiting for the materials ordered online to be delivered. We plan to finish the revision of the chapters by the sixth week because this week is becoming too busy.
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Observations
We read that we can make a mould and deckle instead of just a silkscreen. It can make the production of paper faster and it will be easy to remove the paper from the mesh screen. We also learned that it is easier to remove the endocarp if the husks are dried under the sun.
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Problems Encountered
The newton meter and xanthan gum are not yet delivered so we can't begin the experimentation yet. It's been so busy lately, but we're trying our best to finish the three chapters.
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Photos and Videos
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
WEEK
Remarks
Revision of Chapter 1: 40% Revision of Chapter 2: 35% Revision of Chapter 3: 50% Preparation of Materials: 85.71%
GO TO WEEK 4
RETURN TO WEEK 3
Progress Report
Week 4
Gantt Chart
Tasks
This week, the project started. We began revising the first three chapters of the research paper. Also, we prepared some of the materials while some of them we are waiting to be delivered.
Observations
Problems Encountered
Photos and Videos
Remarks
DATE: May 3, 2021- May 9, 2021
GO TO WEEK 5
Return TO CONTENTS
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Tasks
The newton meter is already received. The last product we are expecting to receive next week is the xanthan gum. The first three chapters of the research paper are already completed. We are looking forward to conducting the experimentation next week on weekends.
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Observations
We managed to finish the 3 chapters of our study. We also observed that it's hard to look for some related pieces of literature and studies.
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Problems Encountered
We have a limited source of related literature and studies. There is no library around Biñan and our school so we can only search for RRL on the internet. Also, we haven't received the xanthan gum yet so we need to wait a little more time.
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Photos and Videos
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
WEEK
Remarks
Revision of Chapter 1: 100% Revision of Chapter 2: 100% Revision of Chapter 3: 100% Revision of Concept Note: 100% Revision of Research Proposal: 100% Preparation of Materials: 92.86%
GO TO WEEK 5
RETURN TO WEEK 4
Progress Report
Week 5
Gantt Chart
Tasks
This week, we began the experimentation. The handsheets are molded and applied with their corresponding concentration of xanthan gum. Now we will wait for the sheets to dry so we can testthem.
Observations
Problems Encountered
Photos and Videos
Remarks
DATE: May 10, 2021- May 16, 2021
GO TO WEEK 6
Return TO CONTENTS
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Tasks
This week, we began the cooking and pulping of the coconut husks. We also completed molding the paper using the mold and deckle and cloth. After the paper has dried, we began surface sizing the paper sheets. Now, we will wait for the sheets to dry again so that we can begin testing them.
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Observations
We completed gathering the materials. We noticed that we can cook the coconut husk for a longer time so it can be dissolved better. Air bumps are appearing under the cloth when we are molding the paper, so we had to do it multiple times.
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Problems Encountered
It took so much time and effort to remove the epicarp and endocarp of the coconut husk because it is very firm. Also, the coconut husks were not cooked well in four hours. Molding the paper sheets became difficult, too, because air bumps keep showing under the cloth.
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Photos and Videos
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
WEEK
Remarks
Revision of Chapter 1: 100% Revision of Chapter 2: 100% Revision of Chapter 3: 100% Revision of Concept Note: 100% Revision of Research Proposal: 100% Preparation of Materials: 100% Production of Coconut Husk Paper: 100%
GO TO WEEK 6
RETURN TO WEEK 5
Progress Report
Week 6
Gantt Chart
Tasks
The paper has dried so we began testing their properties. We measured the samples' thickness, grammage, and tensile strength using a micrometer caliper, an electronic weighing scale, and a newtonmeter.
Observations
Problems Encountered
Photos and Videos
Remarks
DATE: May 17, 2021- May 23, 2021
GO TO END
Return TO CONTENTS
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Progress Report
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Gantt Chart
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Tasks
The sheets of coconut husk paper already dried so we began testing their properties. Testing is the final step of experimentation and is very easy to accomplish. The thickness is measured using a micrometer caliper, while the grammage is measured using an electronic weighing scale. Lastly, the tensile strength is measured by using a newton meter.
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Observations
We noticed that the sheets we made are so thin but they have a similar thickness. Also, they have a very dark, reddish color. It is also noticeable that xanthan gum improved their strength. The texture is smooth but crispy.
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Problems Encountered
The sheets were so thin so we had to be careful handling them to prevent tearing. Also, they have a very dark, reddish color which is not suitable for writing.
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Photos and Videos
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
WEEK
Progress Report
Revision of Chapter 1: 100% Revision of Chapter 2: 100% Revision of Chapter 3: 100% Revision of Concept Note: 100% Revision of Research Proposal: 100% Preparation of Materials: 100% Production of Coconut Husk Paper: 100% Testing the Handsheets: 100%
GO TO End
RETURN TO WEEK 6
Thank You!
OUR TEAM
Dominic Mutuc
Eduard Alag
songer.drawer@gmail.com
doms.mutuc@gmail.com