Reported Speech introduction

Presentation

Reported Speech

By M.Pelczar

Reported Speech

Direct Speech

mowa niezależna

mowa zależna

'John works too hard' Tina said. To dosłowne przytoczenie cudzej lub własnej wypowiedzi.

Tina said that John worked too hard. Mowę zależną stosujemy, kiedy przekazujemy czyjąś wypowiedź pośrednio, nie cytując jej wprost.

VS

How to Use 'Say' and 'Tell'

With 'tell' we NEED the object (e.g. 'me', 'you', 'her'). With 'say' we CAN'T use the object (e.g. 'me', 'them', 'us').

• Julie said (that) she'd come to the party.
• I said (that) I was going to bed early.
• He told me (that) he loved living in London.
• They told John (that) they would arrive at six.

Reported Speech

Direct Speech

'John works too hard' Tina said.

Tina said that John worked too hard. W mowie zależnej występuje następstwo czasów, czyli cofamy się o czas do tyłu w stosunku do czasu użytego w mowie niezależnej.

VS

‘I am hungry.’ → He said that he was hungry.

1. Present Simple → Past Simple ‘I am hungry.’ → He said that he was hungry.

‘I am decorating walls.’ → She said that she was decorating walls.

2. Present Continuous → Past Continuous ‘I am decorating walls.’ → She said that she was decorating walls.

‘I was curious’. → Sam said that she had been curious.

3. Past Simple → Past Perfect ‘I was curious’. → Sam said that she had been curious.

‘I have seen your photo’ → She said she had seen my photo.

4. Present Perfect→ Past Perfect ‘I have seen your photo’ → She said she had seen my photo.

'I will eat cheese' → He said he would eat cheese.

5. Will → Would 'I will eat cheese' → He said he would eat cheese.

Time words

Direct speech - Reported speech Zmianie ulegają określenia czasu.today - that day now - then at the moment - at that moment this morning - that morning yesterday - the day before two days ago - two days before last week - the week before tomorrow- the following day next month - the following month

Summary

https://www.liveworksheets.com/2-sh894905te