WOMEN'S RIGHTS

Women's rights

Women and girls are leadres, changemakers, caretakers and peecekeepers; but while they have an empowered role in our societies to this day, they are still forced to fight for their rights.

Virginia Wolf

Woman have been fighting for human rights for centuries: let's take a look...

At the Seneca falls Convention, women activist publicly petitioned for their civil social political and religious rights.

TIMELINE

1848

Women are granted to the right to vote.

1893

The first International Women's day is marked in Europe.

1911

The All India Women's Conference convenes for the first time.

1927

TIMELINE

The United Nations adopts the Universal Declaration of Human Rights , expecially on the Status of Women

CEDAW: the"international women's bill of rights"

The first World conference on Women

The establishment of UN Women

1975

2010

1979

1948

Kahlo

The condition of women in Italy has made many significant progress over time. Full rights between men and women are guaranteed and fully recognized since January 1, 1948, with the entry into force of the Constitution of the Italian Republic. But let's take a step back...

In the Family Code of 1865, women did not have the right to exercise protection over their legitimate children, much less the right to be admitted to public office. Women, if married, could not manage the money they earned from their work, because that was up to their husbands. On the education front, in 1874 women obtained access to high schools and universities, although in reality many schools continued to reject female enrollments. Women graduates will increase to 237 over the next decade.

Legislative changes are very slow. In 1902, a first law was passed to protect the work of women (and children). They are prohibited from working in the mines and the daily hours are limited to 12. With the First World War, the jobs lost by men recalled to the front were occupied by women, in the fields, in factories and in the public administration, with percentages that in some sectors even reach 80% of the workers.

With the establishment of the fascist regime, women's rights undergo a radical setback; the fascist ideology sees in procreation the primary duty of women. A series of laws aim to force Italian women again and exclusively to their role as wives and mothers.On January 20, 1927, women's wages were halved by decree compared to men's wages. Also in the new Penal Code are confirmed all the rules against women, adding art. 587 which provided for the reduction of one third of the sentence for anyone killing his wife, daughter or sister to defend his or her family's honor (the so-called "honor killing").

The end of the Second World War in Italy, on April 25, 1945, marks a turning point in the condition of women in Italy.After a work of over a century, the right to equality and equal social dignity between men and women is enshrined in the Italian Constitution, which was promulgated on 27 December 1947 and entered into force on 1 January 1948, in articles 3, 37 and 51. .

Art. 37 Working women have the same rights and are entitled to equal pay as men for equal work. Working conditions have to be such to allow women to fulfil their essential family role and ensure an adequate special protection of mothers and children. The law establishes the minimum age for paid labour. The Republic establishes special measures protecting juvenile labour and guarantees equal pay for comparable work.

The main obstacle to the full and concrete implementation of the principle of equality between men and women is of a purely cultural nature and has its roots in an atavistic conception of the relationships between the sexes.

Despite the considerable amount of legislative interventions, today, the net monthly remuneration of women, for the same jobs, continues to be about 20% lower than that of men

Even today, thousands of women struggle for such rights to be recognized all over the world, and this is one of the reason why different associations for the defense of women's rights are born. The road to equality is still long but together we can do it.

Anne with an E - Feminism

Cerreto Vincenzo, Cioffi Tommaso, di Caprio Antonietta, Ferraro Christian, Massaro Gioconda, Izzo Pietro