PIGMENT PRESENTATION

PIGMENTS

EBRADA, Katrina Mae S. MAGDARAOG, Athena Mae

CONTENTS

-Overview/Introduction-

-History-

-Reaction Chemistry-

-Process Description-

-Unit Operations/Process Involved-

-End Use of Materials and Products-

01

INTRODUCTION

What are pigments?

>> Pigments are finely ground natural or synthetic, insoluble particles used to impart color when added to paints and coatings formulations. They are also used to impart bulk or a desired physical and chemical property to the wet or dry film. >> They are derived from plants, insects, and often from minerals, but they can also be made synthetically. >> Some of the main pigment classes include:• Organic pigments • Inorganic pigments • Functional pigments • Special effect pigments

Types of Pigments

ORGANIC

INORGANIC

>> Carbon are not present in the molecular structure>> Are consist of dry ground minerals, usually metals and metallic salts. >> Because of their composition, inorganic pigments are usually more opaque and more insoluble than organic pigments. >> Popular choice in industries

>> Based on carbon chains and rings. >> Are derived from animals, vegetables or synthetic organic chemistry. While traditional pigments were typically created using flora and fauna, >> Synthetic organic pigments - most commonly derived from aromatic hydrocarbons including coal tars and other petrochemicals. >> Tend to be less popular in most industries except with from artists' paints.

Examples of Organic Pigments

• Alizarin
• Azo Pigments
• Copper Phthalocyanines
• Quinacridone

Examples of Inorganic Pigments

• Titanium dioxide
• White Extender Pigments
• Black Pigments
• Iron-oxide Earth Pigments
• Chromium Pigments
• Cadnium Pigments
• Metallic Pigments
• Iron Blue

02

HISTORY

03

REACTION CHEMISTRY

04

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

ORGANIC PIGMENTS

INORGANIC PIGMENTS

INORGANIC PIGMENTS

UNIT OPERATIONS/ PROCESSES INVOLVED

05

• DIAZOTIZATION

- The nitrosation of primary aromatic amines with nitrous acid (generated in situ from sodium nitrite and a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or HBF 4) leads to diazonium salts, which can be isolated if the counterion is non-nucleophilic. Diazonium salts are important intermediates for the preparation of halides ( Sandmeyer Reaction, Schiemann Reaction ), and azo compounds.

• COUPLING

- Reaction in organic chemistry which is a general term for a variety of reactions where two fragments are joined together with the aid of a metal catalyst.

• NEUTRALIZATION

- A chemical reaction in which acid and a base react quantitatively with each other. In a reaction in water, neutralization results in there being no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution.

• FILTRATION

- is a physical or chemical operation that separates solid matter and fluid from a mixture with a filter medium that has a complex structure through which only the fluid can pass.

• DRYING

- is the process of using heat to remove a liquid (such as water) from a material that contains the liquid.

• MIXING/BLENDING

- an operation which reduces the degree of nonuniformity of all properties of a system, single or multiphase with one or many components.

END USE OF MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

06

Printing Inks

Cosmetics

Paints

Textile

Plastics

Pigments

Thank you!