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MODAL VERBS (2º ESO)

Marta Mesa Pérez

Created on May 2, 2021

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Transcript

MODAL verbs

Grammar Reference

content

Could / Couldn't

Can / Can't

Must-Mustn't

Don't/Doesn't have to

Should / Shouldn't

Have to/Has to

can / can't

Usos

Las formas de can / can't son las mismas para todas las personas del verbo: I / you / he / she / it / we / they can ride a bike. Después de can / can't siempre se utiliza el verbo en infinitivo sin to. She can't go out. En respuestas breves solo incluimos can / can't, sin el verbo principal. Can you run fast? Yes, I can.

* Capacidad en presente: I can drive a car. She can't ride a bike. Can they cook? Yes, they can / No, they can't. * Permiso en presente: You can get married at the age of 16. We can't go to the party on Saturday. Can I have a sleepover? Yes, you can / No, you can't.

could / couldn't

Usos

Las formas de could / couldn't son las mismas para todas las personas del verbo: I / you / he / she / it / we / they could ride a bike. Después de could/ couldn't siempre se utiliza el verbo en infinitivo sin to. She couldn't go out. En respuestas breves solo incluimos could / couldn't, sin el verbo principal. Could you run fast? Yes, I could.

* Capacidad en pasado: I could walk when I was a year old. They couldn't swim last summer. Could they speak English last year? Yes, they could/ No, they couldn't. * Permiso en pasado: I could stay up late at the weekends. We couldn't watch TV in our rooms. Could you have parties at home? Yes, we could/ No, we couldn't.

must / mustn't

Los modales must y mustn't tienen la misma forma para todas las personas del verbo. Se utilizan con el infinitivo sin to. I / you / he / she / we / they must help at home

Mustn't

Must

Se utiliza para decir que algo está prohibido o que es esencial no hacerlo. It's a secret. You mustn't tell anybody.

Se utiliza para describir una obligación rotunda, para indicar que algo es esencial. No se suele utilizar en preguntas. In a library, you must be quiet.

have to/ has to

  • Utizamos have / has to para describir obligaciones.
We have to wear a uniform to school.
  • Must y have to significan casi lo mismo.
  • No tienen la misma forma para todas las personas.
I / you / we / they have to go. He / she / it has to go.
  • En preguntas con have to, se utiliza el auxiliar do / does para preguntas y respuestas breves.
Do you have to go? Yes, I do. / No, I don't. Does he have to go? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

don't/doesn't have to

  • Utizamos don't / doesn't have to para hablar de cosas que no son necesarias ni obligatorias.
We don't have to get up early. It's Saturday.
  • Mustn't y don't have to NO significan lo mismo.
Mustn't: está prohibido. Don't have to: no es necesario (pero puedes hacerlo).
  • No tienen la misma forma para todas las personas.
I / you / we / they don't have to go. He / she / it doesn't have to go

should/ shouldn't

Los modales should y shouldn't tienen la misma forma para todas las personas del verbo. Se utilizan con el infinitivo sin to. I / you / he / she / we / they should help at home.

Shouldn't

Should

Se utiliza para indicar que no es bueno hacer algo.You shouldn't drink too much cola.

Se utiliza para dar consejos y opiniones, para decir que es correcto hacer algo. You have an exam tomorrow. You should go to be early tonight. Utilizamos preguntas para pedirle a alguien una opinión o consejo. What should I do?

Thanks!