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How drugs affect the brain

BIANCA PARISI

Created on April 25, 2021

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Transcript

HOW DRUGS AFFECT THE BRAIN

HOW IS A NEURON MADE?

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Their interactions define who we are as people!

HOW NEURONS COMMUNICATE?

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How do neurons "talk" to one another?

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Most synapses are chemical

Others are electrical

In these synapses, ions flow directly between cells.

These synapses communicate using chemical messengers.

CHEMICAL SYNAPSES

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CHEMICAL SYNAPSES

Chemical transmission involves release of chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters carry information from the pre-synaptic—sending—neuron to the post-synaptic—receiving—cellThe molecules of neurotransmitter diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic cell. Activation of postsynaptic receptors leads to the opening or closing of ion channels in the cell membrane

DOPAMINE, WHAT IS THIS?

In the normal communication process, dopamine is released by a neuron into the synapse, where it binds to specialized proteins called dopamine receptors on the neighboring neuron. By this process, dopamine acts as a chemical messenger, carrying a signal from neuron to neuron. Another specialized protein called a transporter removes dopamine from the synapse to be recycled for further use

Dopamine plays a role in how we feel pleasure. It's a big part of our unique human ability to think and plan. It helps us strive, focus, and find things interesting. It affects many parts of your behavior and physical functions.

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Learning Motivation Heart rate Blood vessel function Kidney function Lactation

Sleep Mood MovementAttention Control of nausea and vomiting Pain processing

THE REWARD SYSTEM

The brain’s mesolimbic dopamine system, its reward pathway, is stimulated by all types of reinforcing stimuli, such as food, sex, and many drugs of abuse, including cocaine.

Cocaine in the brain

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COCAINE PRODUCES OVERSTIMULATION!

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Drugs act as cocaine (stimulante) or as THC /Heroine (Sedatives)

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DRUGS STATISTICS

resulting in a buildup of dopamine in the synapse, which contributes to the pleasurable effects of cocaine.

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