Life Cycle of a Star

Life cycle of a star

ratik kasarla

INDEX

PROTOSTAR

WHITE DWARF

SUPERNOVA

NUCLEAR FISSION

BLACK DWARF

BLACK HOLES

LOW MASS STAR

HIGH MASS STAR

NUETRON STARS

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RED GIANT

SUPERGIANT

Nebulae & protostar

The Starting

A Nebulae is a cloud of dust and ionized gases such as hydrogen and helium. Nebulae are also known as the birthplace of a star. The low-density regions of the nebula are shredded while the denser parts resist erosion and remain as thick pillars. In the interiors of these columns, new stars (protostar) continue to form. In the process of star formation, a disk around the proto-star slowly accretes onto the star’s surface. Part of the material is ejected along jets perpendicular to the accretion disk. The lifespan of nebulae is from 1-2 million years.

Source: https://spacecenter.org/what-is-a-nebula/

Carnia Nebula

low mass star

Low mass stars. Low mass stars are the smallest, coolest, and dimmest Main Sequence stars and orange, red or brown in color. Low mass stars use up their hydrogen fuel very slowly and consequently have long lives. Our Sun is a low mass star!

red giant

A red giant is a luminous giant star of low or intermediate mass in a late phase of stellar evolution. Red giant stars reach sizes of 100 million to 1 billion kilometers in diameter, 100 to 1,000 times the size of the sun today. Because the energy is spread across a larger area, surface temperatures are actually cooler, reaching only 2,200 to 3,200 degrees Celsius. This temperature change causes stars to shine in the redder part of the spectrum, leading to the name red giant,

Aldebaran

white/black dwarf

White Dwarfs form when stars have exhausted their nuclear fuel. Near the end of its nuclear burning stage, this type of star expels most of its outer material, creating a planetary nebula. Only the hot core of the star remains. This core becomes a very hot white dwarf. They can reach up to temperatures like 100,000 Kelvin or more! Because a white dwarf is not able to create internal pressure, gravity compacts the matter inward until even the electrons that compose a white dwarf's atoms are smashed together.

Procyon B

HIGH MASS STAR

High mass stars are the largest, hottest, and brightest Main Sequence stars. High-mass stars have lives of 10 million years, versus 10 to 50 billion years or more for low-mass stars. At the end of a high-mass star’s fusion process, iron composes the star’s core. No nuclear fusion of iron is possible out of a high-mass star core, which has the same mass as our entire Sun! This delivers some pretty different events one would not normally see.

Betelgeuse

Red Supergiant

Red supergiants are stars with high luminosity. These are massive, and the biggest stars in terms of volume. But as big as they are relatively cool. They are typically several hundred to over a thousand times the radius of the Sun,[9] although size is not the primary factor in a star being designated as a supergiant. A bright cool giant star can easily be larger than a hotter supergiant.

Mu Cephei

SUPERNOVA

A supernova is a name given to the cataclysmic explosion of a massive star at the end of its life. A supernova can outshine the galaxy! A supernova happens where there is a change in the core, or center, of a star. A change can occur in two different ways, with both resulting in a supernova. It's difficult to see a supernova in the Milky Way galaxy with all the dust.

Kepler's Supernova

Black Hole VS Nuetron Star

Black Hole

Nuetron Star

A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying. Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain.

A neutron star, any of a class of extremely dense, compact stars thought to be composed primarily of neutrons. The outer 1 km is solid, despite the high temperatures, which can be as high as 1,000,000 K. The surface of this solid layer, is composed of an extremely dense form of iron. Most Neutron stars are metal rich.

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