tenses

Presentation

Present Perfect Simple and Present Perfect Continuous

We use both of these tenses for finished and unfinished actions.

The present perfect simple can be used (often with 'since' and 'for') to talk about unfinished actions that started in the past and are still true in the present. It's often used with stative verbs: I've known John for three years. The present perfect continuous can also be used (often with 'since' and 'for') to talk about unfinished actions that started in the past and are still true in the present. (Of course, we don't use the present perfect continuous with stative verbs): She's been living here for three years.

Sometimes there's really no difference in meaning between the two tenses. This is especially the case with verbs such as 'live', 'work' and 'study'

They've lived in London since 2004. They've been living in London since 2004. I've studied French for ten years. I've been studying French for ten years. He's worked at the company since 2009. He's been working at our company since 2009.

Sometimes, there is a difference in meaning: 1: The present perfect continuous can be used to emphasise the length of time that has passed. The present perfect simple is generally neutral: They've been waiting for hours! (This emphasises the length of time). They've waited for hours. (This doesn't emphasise the length of time).

2: On the other hand, the present perfect simple is often used when we're talking about how much or how many. This isn't possible with the present perfect continuous: She's drunk three cups of coffee this morning. She's drunk at least a litre of coffee today. (NOT: she's been drinking three cups of coffee this morning).

3: The present perfect continuous often focuses on the action itself, while the present perfect simple focuses on the fact that the action is completed: I've been reading the book you recommended. (I'm enjoying it, but I'm not finished). I've read the book you recommended. (I've finished it, so we can talk about it). This difference is often used to talk about different kinds of results in the present. The present perfect simple is used when the action is finished, and the result comes from the action being finished: I've eaten dinner, so let's go out. The present perfect continuous is used when the result comes from the action itself. It doesn't matter if the whole action is finished or not. The result is often something we can see, hear, smell, or feel: I've been eating dinner, so there are plates all over the table.

4: Finally, the present perfect continuous can be used to emphasise that something is temporary: She's been running a lot recently. (She doesn't usually do this). Usually I study at home, but I've been studying in the library for the last week.

+info

Present Perfect Continuous Tense is often used with the following words and expressions. expressions defining period of time - all + time word e.g. all day, all night etc. questions starting with: How long other words - since, for for activities happening repeatedly - every night, every day etc.

Present Perfect Tense is often used along with the words listed below. adverbs defining time - until now before (now), it's the first time ..., so far, so far this morning, up till now, up to the present, ever, not ... ever, never, this morning, this week, this month etc. words for activities not distant in time - just, recently, already, yet, still other words - since, for

THANKS!