Unit 8: Inventions

Unit 8: Inventions

• Vocab: inventions, accidental inventions and science for reading
• Grammar: passive voice and relative clauses,
• Speaking: catching a bus
• Writing: an essay

Inventions

Discuss the following statements

To your mind, what are the ten inventions that have changed the world?

Title “Necessity is the mother of invention.”

In your opinion, what are the worst inventions ever?

What is the purpose of an invention?

01 Vocabulary

Think about an invention that each of you consider relevant. Write what it is and why you consider it relevant (100 words).

02 Vocab

Write this list on your notebook:

1. thermometer
2. telephone
3. light bulb
4. printing
5. wheel
6. the Internet
7. paper
8. braille
9. microscope
10. refrigerator

Read the text

About Leonardo Da Vinci

Complete the task

Multiple choice

Grammar: the passive voice

The passive form is used when we want to focus attention on the receiver of the action, not on the agent of the action.In this case, the receiver of the action becomes the subject of the verb, which is now in the passive form. A transitive verb is used, what is a transitive verb??? For example,

• The shelves were taken down.
• The wall was painted.

Grammar: the passive voice

When to use the passive:

1. When the action is more important than the agent
2. When the agent is unknown
3. Often in more formal situations, such as academic writings or news reports

Grammar: the passive voice

Making the passive voice:

• To turn a verb from the active form to the passive form, we use the past participle of the main verb, preceded by the verb 'to be‘
• The verb 'to be' agrees with this subject
• Subject + to be + past participle of the main verb

1. The wall was painted THE PAINTERS PAINTED THE WALL
2. The shelves were taken down
3. When you use the passive form, if you want to give the agent of the action, you use 'by'.
4. The report was written by David.

Grammar: the passive voice

Step 1

01

Identify the suject

Write in the passive

Step 2

02

Identify the object

+ info

Step 3

03

Identify the verb tense

Step 4

04

Change it!

Grammar: relative clauses

• Relative clauses are used to give additional information about a noun, such as a person, place or thing.
• Relative pronouns introduce a relative clause.
• They include who for people, that and which for things, when for time, and whose to show possession.
• The woman who found my wallet handed it in to reception.
• My friend’s birthday, which was last weekend, was great fun.

Grammar: relative clauses

Types:

• Defining relative clauses:

1. Give essential information
2. We do not put commas
3. We can sometimes omit the relative pronoun
4. The woman who showed the most determination got the job
5. She showed me the photos of the gorillas (which/that) she had studied

Grammar: relative clauses

Types:

• Non defining relative clauses:

1. Give NON-essential or extra information
2. We use commas before and after the clause
3. We can not omit the relative pronoun
4. Her CV, which made a big impression on the interviews, helped her get the the job

Travelling around London

After watching the video, answer these questions:1. How can you pay to move around London in public transport if you are from the UK? 2. Unfortunately, we're neither British nor British bank users so, what's they only possibility for us to move around London? 3. Why does he particularly like bus number 15?

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Time for you to talk: you are at Victoria Station and want to get to Camden town... but have not a clue how to get there. Roleplay a conversation. You can find some useful information here