White Biotechnology PRESENTATION

white biotechnology

Biotechnologies and enzymes

START

"At a certain point it was no longer biology that dominated man's destiny, but the product of his brain: culture."

J.C. Maxwell

Biotechnology :What does it mean?

Biotechnology, the use of biology to solve problems and make useful products. The most prominent area of biotechnology is the production of therapeutic proteins and other drugs through genetic engineering.

Index

Bioremediation and biolfilter

Introduction

Green biotechnology

Biogas

Biotechnology

White biotechnology

Biofuels

Enzyme

Classification

Other uses

White biotechnology

Red biotechnology

Classification of Biotechnologies

Natural fertilizers

Geomicrobiology

Genetic improvement

Green Biotechnology

Biopolymers

Nutraceuticals

Biogas

Diagnostics

Proteins

Green Chemistry

Bioinformatics

Red Biotechnology

White Biotechnology

Antibiotics

Vaccines

Biodiesel

Bioethanol

Biopharmaceuticals

Monoclonal antibodies

Enzymes

Red Biotechnology

Green Biotechnology

The expression "green biotechnologies" indicates the set of biotechnological techniques referring to agriculture, natural fertilizers, the production of drugs or vaccines from plants. These techniques are used to genetically improve the different plant species, increasing their yield or nutritional qualities for human nutrition, or to transform food using specially obtained microorganisms and enzymes.

White Biotechnology

White biotechnologies are also known as industrial and environmental biotechnologies. Thanks to them, vegetable or animal raw materials are transformed using molds, yeasts, bacteria and enzymes. Among the most significant productions are biogas, bioethanol and biodiesel for energy production and alternative products to traditional chemicals, such as biopharmaceuticals and biopolymers. But biotechnologies are also applied in the field of environmental protection.

Enzymes

White Biotechnology

White biotechnology is known as environmental or industrial biotechnology, which allows plant or animal raw materials to be transformed using molds, yeasts, bacteria, or enzymes. The most important outputs are biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel, and traditional chemicals such as biopharmaceuticals or biopolymers. In biotechnology, enzymes play a key role in transformations, as they speed up and enable chemical reactions.

• proteases: detergents, food, feed, pharmaceuticals, chemical synthesis
• lipase: food, detergency, pharmaceutical
• pectinase: alimentary
• cellulase: detergency, textile energy, animal feed, cellulose
• amylase: food, textile

Biofilter

Bioremediation

How to transform waste: the production of compost and biogas

Microorganisms can be used to produce biogas and compost when disposing of waste. Compost is the result of the decomposition and humidification of organic matter by microbial flora present in the environment while biogas is a gaseous mixture rich in methane produced by the anaerobic treatment of food waste, sewage, organic waste and wastewater sludge. Biogas contains a variable percentage of methane depending on the type of substance from which it originates and the conditions of the process. Biogas production also occurs in very simple plants that involve a biomass storage tank, one or more digesters with a biogas storage tank, and a sludge storage tank. There are also plants in which biogas is produced and at the same time also electric energy.

Biogas

+ Info

Biofuels

In order to avoid the exploitation of fossil fuels, it has been decided to use biomass, biodegradable parts of agricultural and forestry residues and industrial waste. Biomass is used to produce biofuels with a CO2-neutral balance. (Biofuels, on the other hand, are formed through alcoholic fermentation in which the carbohydrates in plant products are converted to ethanol).

Biofuels are divided into first, second and third generation.

An alternative source of energy: microalgae

Biodegradation of hydrocarbons

The biodegradability of hydrocarbons depends on the chemical structure: simpler structures are more easily degraded as opposed to more branched structures. This process requires large amounts of oxygen and involves the use of enzymes (oxygenases). Microorganisms that can degrade hydrocarbons include bacteria, ferments and filamentous fungi. Many hydrocarbons can be oxidized by two processes: aerobic or anaerobic oxidation.

THANKS!

PAOLA GALERA AND GIUSEPPE SALVATI