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MURALS OF NORTHERN IRELAND

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Text 1

The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a paramilitary group. It was formed in late 1965 or early 1966 and named after the Ulster Volunteer Force of 1913. Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British soldier. The group's volunteers undertook an armed campaign of almost thirty years The UVF's declared goals were to combat Irish republicanism – particularly republican paramilitaries, and to maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the United Kingdom. The vast majority (more than two-thirds) of its 481 known victims were Catholic civilians.

Question 1

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Text 2

The Irish mythical hero Cú Chulainn is killed during battle, by his mortal enemy Lugaid. Lugaid hit Cú Chulainn with a magical spear, mortally wounding him. Cú Chulainn ties himself to a standing stone to die on his feet, facing his enemies. Due to his ferocity even when so near death, it is only when a raven lands on his shoulder that his enemies believe he is dead. Lugaid approaches and cuts off his head, but as he does so the "hero-light" burns around Cú Chulainn and his sword falls from his hand and cuts Lugaid's hand off. The light disappears only after his right hand, his sword arm, is cut from his body.

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Text 3

It began as a natural catastrophe of extraordinary magnitude, but its effects were severely worsened by the actions and inactions of the Whig government, headed by Lord John Russell in the crucial years from 1846 to 1852. Altogether, about a million people in Ireland are reliably estimated to have died of starvation and epidemic disease between 1846 and 1851, and some two million emigrated in a period of a little more than a decade (1845-55).

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Text 4

The Provisional Irish Republican Army is an Irish republican paramilitary organisation whose aim is to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and bring about a socialist republic within a united Ireland by force of arms and political persuasion It emerged out of the December 1969 split of the Irish Republican Army over differences of ideology and how to respond to violence against the nationalist community. This violence had followed the community's demands for civil rights in 1968 and 1969 which met with resistance from some of the unionist community and from the authorities.

Unionists

Ulster

This mural supports...

The IRA

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