Teaching grammar

Teaching grammar

Start

Section 1

Introducion

Content

strategies

introduction

teaching methods

techiques

references

principles

teaching tips

What is grammar

Why is grammar important?

What are the five elements of grammar?

Word order.

Use of connectors.

Punctuation.

Use of determiners

Tense and aspect.

Section 2

Teaching methods

Different Methods of Teaching Grammar

Inductive Teaching

Deductive Teaching

PPP

Contextualized grammar

Task-based

Five Steps to Teaching Grammar

Comprehension

Presentation

Explanation

Practice

Communicative Expression

No matter what the “key learning points” are, an effective grammar mini-lesson plan is likely to have at least five (5) steps or stages: 1) Presentation with Recognition, 2) Demonstrating Comprehension, 3) Grammar Explanation, 4) Practice Exercises, and 5) Communicative Expression.

Section III

Techniques for teaching grammar

Direct Explaining

Discovering the Grammar

Using Pictures or Drawings (Illustrating Grammar Points).

Drawing Timelines (Teaching Tenses).

Asking Concept Questions (Checking Understanding).

Using Tables (Showing the Form).

Using Objects (Presenting the Meaning).

Contrasting Structures (Showing the Difference in Meaning).

Choosing the Correct Sentence (Correcting Common Grammatical Mistakes).

Section IV

Strategies for Effective Teaching of Grammar

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8 Do's for Effective Grammar Instruction

• Use authentic writing situations every day. • Make learning visible with anchor charts and student work around grammar concepts. • Provide students with multiple exposures to a variety of grammatical situations. • Have students create nonlinguistic representations of grammatical situations (for example, images, gestures, picture stories). • Use engaging and relevant writing situations to engage students in grammatical exercises. • Encourage students to read a variety of nonfiction, informational, and fiction texts to expose them to multiple texts and a variety of writing situations. • Harness the power of digital tools for practice and review. • Directly teach and model each grammar concept; use your writing and think-aloud to model grammar instruction.

8 Dont's for Effective Grammar Instruction

• Let time constraints be a reason to avoid grammar instruction; instead, find short periods during the day to ask grammar questions or oral “grammar quizzes” while waiting in line. • Assess every single grammatical choice a student makes; instead, use a variety of assessment measures to support student learning. • Have students complete only grammar worksheets without purpose for practice. • Teach too many skills at one time; instead, go deep with a few skills and concepts. • Learn skills and abandon them; instead, continue to reinforce skills and concepts throughout the year. • Arbitrarily assign sets of grammatical skills to learn; instead, attach each concept to a purpose for writing. • Forget the power of a print-rich environment. Instead, remember that classroom libraries, books, read-aloud, and discussion allow students a variety of contexts in which to hear different sentence constructions. • Become overwhelmed by the number of grammar skills students need to know; instead, use the Common Core State Standards to guide what students need to know at each grade level.

Scott Thornbury’s 6 Rules of Grammar

The Rule of Context

The Rule of Economy

The Rule of Use

The Rule of Appropriacy

The Rule of Nurture

The Rule of Relevance

Section V

Principles for Grammar Instruction

principles

1. Identify the grammar resources learners need

2. Teach an awareness of the nature of texts

3. Develop awareness of differences between speaking & writing

4. Use a variety of teaching approaches

principles

5. Provide opportunities for meaningful communicative practice.

6. Provide opportunities for guided noticing

7. Make links between grammar and vocabulary

8. Be systematic

principles

9. Provide opportunities for students to produce stretched output.

10. Use student errors to inform instruction

11. Integrate grammar with the four skills

12. Use internet and technology resources

Section VI

Tips for Effective Grammar Instruction

Tip 1

Tip 5

Tip 2

Tip 6

Tip 3

Tip 7

Tip 4

Thanks

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References

1. https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/key-principles-for-teaching-grammar
2. https://www.inklyo.com/methods-of-teaching-grammar/Image source:
3. https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxUfixsP1XzSajNXTXFCYVVmYmM/view?usp=sharing • Task-based method: “Planning and Teaching Task-Related Grammar”
4. com/blogs/news/ask-elaine-five-steps-to-teaching-grammar.com/blogs/news/ask-elaine-five-steps-to-teaching-grammar
5. https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/grammar-pattern
6. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-grammar-p2-1689675
7. https://www.yourdictionary.com/grammar
8. https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/what.htm
9. http://www.plainenglish.co.uk/basic-grammar-parts-of-speech.html
10. https://becomeawritertoday.com/why-is-grammar-important/
11. https://elttguide.com/9-techniques-for-presenting-grammar/