Medieval castle

Medieval castles were built from the 11th century CE for rulers to demonstrate their wealth and power to the local populace, to provide a place of defence and safe retreat in the case of attack, defend strategically important sites like river crossings, passages through hills, mountains and frontiers, and as a place of residence.

Medieval Castles!

Conwy Castle is a fortification in Conwy, located in North Wales. It was built by Edward I, during his conquest of Wales, between 1283 and 1289. Constructed as part of a wider project to create the walled town of Conwy, the combined defences cost around £15,000, a huge sum for the period.

Conwy Castle

• Barbican : A barbican (from Old French: barbacane) is a fortified outpost or fortified gateway, such as at an outer defense perimeter of a city or castle, or any tower situated over a gate or bridge which was used for defensive purposes.
• Bailey : The bailey was the center of domestic life within the castle and could contain a variety of buildings, including halls, kitchens, stores, stables, a chapel, barracks, and workshops.

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Portcullis : Portcullises fortified the entrances to many medieval castles, securely closing off the castle during time of attack or siege. Every portcullis was mounted in vertical grooves in the walls of the castle and could be raised or lowered quickly by means of chains or ropes attached to an internal winch.

• Arrowloops : These were slits cut into the walls that allowed archers to shoot arrows at attackers but remain safe from return fire.

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• Keep : The Keep was a large tower and the last place of defense in a castle.
• Moat : A moat was a defensive sysstem
• Turret: In architecture, a turret (from Italian: torretta, little tower; Latin: turris, tower) is a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle.
• Battlement : Battlements were at the top of castle walls. Generally they were cut out from walls allowing defenders to attack while still being protected by the wall.

Castles were not just defensive sites but also enhanced a lord's control over his lands. They allowed the garrison to control the surrounding area, and formed a centre of administration, providing the lord with a place to hold court. Examples of famous castles : Winsdor Castle Tower of London Leeds Castle Chateau Gaillard Cite de Carcasonne Spis Castle Hohensalzburg Castle Malbork Castle

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Role of a castle in the feudal society