Geographical features

Geographical Features

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Geographical Features

Ocean Hills Mountains Jungle

Forest Lake River

Geographical Features

Desert Beach Island Cliff

water-fall Glacier Peninsula Estuary

Geographical Features

Tributary Straits Gorge

Geyser Mountain Chain of mountains / Mountain range

Geographical features

Glacier Bay Dune

Reef Canyon Volcano

Geographical Features

You have to be careful about the use of "the" with features of the environment.

No use of article "the"

France Mount Everest Sicily Lake Erie

CountriesIndividual mountains Islands Lakes

Use of "the" with ...

The USA The Japan of today The Himalayas The Volga The Canary islands The Pacific The gulf of Mexico/The Bay of Biscay The gulf stream

Countries which are in plural noun Countries when limited by time Mountain chains rivers group of islands oceans gulfs, bays and straits currents

Geographical Features

• Where the land meets the sea:

coast, shore (orilla), beach, cliff (acantilado), cape (cabo), peninsula, cove (cala), bay, gulf

• Words connected with rivers:

Source (nacimiento), tributary (afluente), waterfall, mouth (desembocadura), valley, gorge (garganta),delta, brook (arroyo), stream (riachuelo), estuary

• Words connected with mountains:

foot, ridge (cresta), peak (pico), summit (cima), glacier

Geographical Features

Disasters/tragedies

• earthquakes: the earth moves, trembles
• drought: no rain
• explosions: bombs
• hurricanes, tornadoes, typhoons: violent winds, storms
• volcanoes: hot liquid rock and gases pour from a mountain
• famine: no food
• floods: too much rain
• major accidents: a plane crash
• epidemics: deseases affecting a large numbers of people
• war/civil war: civil war is a war between people of the same country

Disasters not caused by human beigns can be called natural disasters

Geographical Features

Verbs connected with disasters and tragedies

• A volcano has erupted in Indonesia, hundreds are feared dead.
• The flu epidemic spread rapidly throughout the country.
• Millions are starving as a result of the famine.
• A big earthquake shook the city at noon today.
• The are is suffering its worst drought for many years.
• Civil war has broken out in the north of the country.
• A tornado swept through the islands yesterday.

Words for people involved in disasters and tragedies

• The explosion resulted in 300 casualties (dead and injured people)
• The real victims of civil war are children left without parents (those who suffer the results)
• There were only three survivors. All the other passengers were reported dead (people who live through a disaster
• Thousands of refugees have crossed the borderlooking for food and shelter.
• During the battle, the dead and wounded were flown out in helicopters (wounded: injured in a battle/ by a weapon)

Geographical Features

Environmental problems in the world today

The air, rivers and seas are all polluted, especially in over-polluted and heavily industrialised regions. Poor waste disposal is the cause of much of this pollution. Overfishing has depleted the numbers of fish in th oceans. The destruction of the ozone layer is leading to climatic changes and wha s known as the greenhouse effect. The destruction of the rainforests is causing widespread ecological problems. Battery farming provides large amounts of food but it involves keeping animals in crowded and unnatural conditions.