Project of Electrical Engineering on 3-Phase AC Circuit
A project report submitted to the department of Civil Engineering by SANDHYA KAYEDIYA (2K20/A4/72) DEEPANSHU (2K20/A4/20)
Under the supervison of Professor
Dr. Bharat Bhushan
start
Topics
list of the topics that we are covering in this presentation
Why do ?
Generation
What is?
Phase Ind. Digram
Rotation Achieved
Advantage
Problem
Dis-Advantage
Second Phase
References
WHAT IS 3 PHASE ELECTRIC POWER
01
Three phase electric power is a common and an economical method of generation, transmission and distribution of alternating current electric power.There are a lot of types of poly-phase systems and this one is the most commonly used methods all over the world to transfer the power to various location to serve the required purposes.
WHY DO WE NEED A 3 PHASE AC SYSTEM ?
02
A 3-Phase machine has a smaller size than a single phase of the same power output. The transmission loss of power at given voltage over a given distance by a 3-Phase system is less than that by an equivalent single-Phase system.
WHY DO WE NEED 3 PHASE AC SYSTEM ?
02
3-Phase motors are more self started than the single-Phase motors.3-Phase motors are simpler , have uniform torque, run more smoothly and are more efficient than the equivalent single phase motors. In short, generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electric energy is much easier in a three phase system as compared to the single phase system.
03
GENERATION & DISTRIBUTION
At the power station, an electric generator converts mechanical power into a set of three AC electric currents, one from each coil (or winding) of the generator.
03
GENERATION & DISTRIBUTION
The windings are arranged such that the currents are at the same frequency but with the peaks and troughs of their wave forms offset to provide three complimentary current with a phase separation of one-third cycle.After a lot of voltage conversions in the transmission network, the voltage is finally transformed to the standard utilization before power is supplied to customers.
+ info
3 Phase Indicator Diagram
- A 3 phase induction motor consists of 2 major parts- a stator and a rotor.
- A stator is an instrument made up of number of slots to construct a 3 phase winding circuit which we connect 3 phase AC source. We arrange this in such a manner that they produce a rotating magnetic field when we switch on the supply.
- The rotor consists of a cylindrical laminated core with parallel slots which have the ability to carry conductors (aluminum bars short circuited by end rings). The slots are not exactly parallel but a little skewed to the axis of the shaft as this arrangement reduces magnetic humming noise and can avoid stalling of motor.
+ info
How is the Rotation Achieved ?
- The secret behind rotation lies in the Faraday’s law according to which, due to the change in magnetic flux linkage through a circuit, an emf is induced.
- As the rotor winding in an induction motor are either enclosed through an external resistance or directly shorted by end ring, and cut the stator rotating magnetic filed, an emf is induced in the rotor copper bar and due to this emf a current flows through the rotor conductor.
- Therefore, the relative speed between the rotating flux and static rotor conductor is the cause of current generation (this can also be explained using the Lenz’s law).
Advantages...
Their construction is simple and the number of moving parts is also less.They have the ability to operate in harsh environments as well. Their maintenance is simple and less heavy for the pockets, i.e. they require less attention and have a cheap maintenance cost.
+ info
Disadvantages and Problems
It requires high initial starting current. It works in lagging power factor which leads to an increased losses.Increased losses are harmful for the environment. Some of the problems faced are that the harsh environment of the sea may take a toll on the ship’s machinery if they are not maintained properly. Problems might also occur due to electrical supply faults such as the unbalanced supply of current or the line voltage, earth fault in the system short circuiting, failure in winding due to the problem in the insulation caused leading to short circuit, machine related faults, etc.
Thanks!
thanks to all for listening our presentation and giving us the opportunity to present in front of you !
Induction Motor Protection System
Electronic Soft Start for 3-Phase Induction Motor
HOW TO PROTECT 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
06
- Fuses, relays, etc are used to protect the induction motor from over-heating.
- Soft starter, Star Delta starter, etc. are used to ensure the soft starting of the motor to overcome the problem of drawing high current during the start.
Second phase of experiment (both side joint)
After performing the 1st stage of experiments it was revealed that tensile strength of the weld joint is quite low and only part of the plate thickness got welded for the applied parameter settingIn 2nd phase of experiment welding done both side of plate. In this case, after performing welding at one side in butt condition, welding done at the other side with same parametric condition. Detail experimental condition for both sided welding is shown in table 7. For all the experiments, distance between electrode and work-piece kept constant at 3 mm, Ar gas flow rate was 8-10 l/min and applied voltage was 50 V. Welding done by changing welding current and welding speed as detailed in table
+ info
"References"
1990
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GTAW
https://www.electrical4u.com/working-principle-of-three-phase-induction-motor/
2000
https://www.elprocus.com/difference-between-single-phase-and-three-phase-ac-power-supply/
2010
2002
w ww.micomm.co.za/portfolio/alfa
Class NotesBL Thelarja
1999
DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
"Certificate"
This is to certify that the project entitled “ 3 Phase AC Circuit" being submitted by Sandhya Kayediya(2K20/A4/72) and Deepanshu (2K20/A4/20) for the requirements of B.tech 1st semester in Civil Engineering is a project work done under the supervision of professor Dr. Bharat Bhushan during the academic year 2020-2021 in the Department of Civil Engineering. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the project has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree.
+ info
Acknowledgment
This is to certify that the project entitled “ 3 Phase AC Circuit” being submitted by Sandhya Kayediya(2K20/A4/72) and Deepanshu (2K20/A4/20) for the requirements of B.tech 1st semester in Civil Engineering is a project work done under the supervision of professor Dr. Bharat Bhushan during the academic year 2020-2021 in the Department of Civil Engineering. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the project has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree
Deepanshu (2K20/A4/20) Sandhya Kayediya (2K20/A4/72)
PRINCIPLE
In a 3 phase power supply system (symmetric), there are three conductors. Each conductor carries an A.C.(alternating current) of the same frequency and voltage. But there is one difference as well, i.e., the phase difference. There is a phase difference of 120 degrees between each of the conductors. Due to this phase difference, the instants when the voltage reaches its maximum value is different for all the three conductors, which help in transferring a constant power. Not just this, there is another wire, commonly known as the neutral wire, which is connected to the ground (which is usually taken to be the reference for the system). The magnitude of the voltage phase difference observed between the 2 phases is √3 times the magnitude of voltage of the individual phases. As you might have noticed, we have discussed all this about the symmetric 3 phase systems only. But the three phase systems can be asymmetric as well, although we don’t use them in practice as they lack the most important advantages.
Keywords:WHAT IS 3PHASE AC CIRCUIT, VOLTAGE PHASE,
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Transcript
Project of Electrical Engineering on 3-Phase AC Circuit
A project report submitted to the department of Civil Engineering by SANDHYA KAYEDIYA (2K20/A4/72) DEEPANSHU (2K20/A4/20)
Under the supervison of Professor
Dr. Bharat Bhushan
start
Topics
list of the topics that we are covering in this presentation
Why do ?
Generation
What is?
Phase Ind. Digram
Rotation Achieved
Advantage
Problem
Dis-Advantage
Second Phase
References
WHAT IS 3 PHASE ELECTRIC POWER
01
Three phase electric power is a common and an economical method of generation, transmission and distribution of alternating current electric power.There are a lot of types of poly-phase systems and this one is the most commonly used methods all over the world to transfer the power to various location to serve the required purposes.
WHY DO WE NEED A 3 PHASE AC SYSTEM ?
02
A 3-Phase machine has a smaller size than a single phase of the same power output. The transmission loss of power at given voltage over a given distance by a 3-Phase system is less than that by an equivalent single-Phase system.
WHY DO WE NEED 3 PHASE AC SYSTEM ?
02
3-Phase motors are more self started than the single-Phase motors.3-Phase motors are simpler , have uniform torque, run more smoothly and are more efficient than the equivalent single phase motors. In short, generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electric energy is much easier in a three phase system as compared to the single phase system.
03
GENERATION & DISTRIBUTION
At the power station, an electric generator converts mechanical power into a set of three AC electric currents, one from each coil (or winding) of the generator.
03
GENERATION & DISTRIBUTION
The windings are arranged such that the currents are at the same frequency but with the peaks and troughs of their wave forms offset to provide three complimentary current with a phase separation of one-third cycle.After a lot of voltage conversions in the transmission network, the voltage is finally transformed to the standard utilization before power is supplied to customers.
+ info
3 Phase Indicator Diagram
+ info
How is the Rotation Achieved ?
Advantages...
Their construction is simple and the number of moving parts is also less.They have the ability to operate in harsh environments as well. Their maintenance is simple and less heavy for the pockets, i.e. they require less attention and have a cheap maintenance cost.
+ info
Disadvantages and Problems
It requires high initial starting current. It works in lagging power factor which leads to an increased losses.Increased losses are harmful for the environment. Some of the problems faced are that the harsh environment of the sea may take a toll on the ship’s machinery if they are not maintained properly. Problems might also occur due to electrical supply faults such as the unbalanced supply of current or the line voltage, earth fault in the system short circuiting, failure in winding due to the problem in the insulation caused leading to short circuit, machine related faults, etc.
Thanks!
thanks to all for listening our presentation and giving us the opportunity to present in front of you !
Induction Motor Protection System
Electronic Soft Start for 3-Phase Induction Motor
HOW TO PROTECT 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
06
Second phase of experiment (both side joint)
After performing the 1st stage of experiments it was revealed that tensile strength of the weld joint is quite low and only part of the plate thickness got welded for the applied parameter settingIn 2nd phase of experiment welding done both side of plate. In this case, after performing welding at one side in butt condition, welding done at the other side with same parametric condition. Detail experimental condition for both sided welding is shown in table 7. For all the experiments, distance between electrode and work-piece kept constant at 3 mm, Ar gas flow rate was 8-10 l/min and applied voltage was 50 V. Welding done by changing welding current and welding speed as detailed in table
+ info
"References"
1990
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GTAW
https://www.electrical4u.com/working-principle-of-three-phase-induction-motor/
2000
https://www.elprocus.com/difference-between-single-phase-and-three-phase-ac-power-supply/
2010
2002
w ww.micomm.co.za/portfolio/alfa
Class NotesBL Thelarja
1999
DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
"Certificate"
This is to certify that the project entitled “ 3 Phase AC Circuit" being submitted by Sandhya Kayediya(2K20/A4/72) and Deepanshu (2K20/A4/20) for the requirements of B.tech 1st semester in Civil Engineering is a project work done under the supervision of professor Dr. Bharat Bhushan during the academic year 2020-2021 in the Department of Civil Engineering. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the project has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree.
+ info
Acknowledgment
This is to certify that the project entitled “ 3 Phase AC Circuit” being submitted by Sandhya Kayediya(2K20/A4/72) and Deepanshu (2K20/A4/20) for the requirements of B.tech 1st semester in Civil Engineering is a project work done under the supervision of professor Dr. Bharat Bhushan during the academic year 2020-2021 in the Department of Civil Engineering. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the project has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree
Deepanshu (2K20/A4/20) Sandhya Kayediya (2K20/A4/72)
PRINCIPLE
In a 3 phase power supply system (symmetric), there are three conductors. Each conductor carries an A.C.(alternating current) of the same frequency and voltage. But there is one difference as well, i.e., the phase difference. There is a phase difference of 120 degrees between each of the conductors. Due to this phase difference, the instants when the voltage reaches its maximum value is different for all the three conductors, which help in transferring a constant power. Not just this, there is another wire, commonly known as the neutral wire, which is connected to the ground (which is usually taken to be the reference for the system). The magnitude of the voltage phase difference observed between the 2 phases is √3 times the magnitude of voltage of the individual phases. As you might have noticed, we have discussed all this about the symmetric 3 phase systems only. But the three phase systems can be asymmetric as well, although we don’t use them in practice as they lack the most important advantages.
Keywords:WHAT IS 3PHASE AC CIRCUIT, VOLTAGE PHASE,