Zero and First Conditionals!

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Today we'll focus on Zero and First Conditional!

Zero Conditional- Why do we use it?

The Zero Conditional is used to talk about: -General truths -Scientific facts -Things that always happen under certain conditions

Examples

under certain conditions

Scientific facts

general truths

If you don't study, you don't pass your exam

If it rains, we get wet

If water boils, it's not cold

The Zero conditional is formed by the if-clause and the main clause. We use the present simple with the Zero Conditional: If clause + Present simple, Main clause + Present simple If my team loses, I'm disappointed We can also invert the order, in this case we don't put the comma! Main clause + Present simple If clause + Present simple I'm disappointed if my team loses

REMEMBER THAT...

We can usually replace ''if'' with ''when''in zero conditional sentences! Example: If / When you go swimming, you get wet. If / When there is no oxygen, living things die.

Complete the following sentences

• If you (to mix) red and green, you (to get) brown.
• If you (to drop) a glass on the floor, it (to break).
• If babies (to be) hungry, they (to cry) .
• When you (to add) sugar, the sauce (to taste) sweet.
• Water (to boil) if you (to heat) it to 100 °C.

Correct answers

• If you mix red and green, you get brown.
• If you drop a glass on the floor, it breaks .
• If babies are hungry, they cry .
• When you add sugar, the sauce tastes sweet.
• Water boils if you heat it to 100 °C.

Complete the sentences

• Plants (to die) if they (not/to get) enough water.
• If you (to put) water in the freezer, it (to become) ice.
• When the sun (to rise), the street lights (to go out).
• When you (to heat) ice, it (to melt).
• He always (to take) his umbrella when it (to rain).

Correct answers

• Plants die if they don't get enough water.
• If you put water in the freezer, it becomes ice.
• When the sun rises, the street lights go out .
• When you heat ice, it melts .
• He always takes his umbrella when it rains .

And now, let's study the first conditional!

First conditional: when do we use it?

We use the first conditional when we talk about future situations that may be possible or probable future events.

Possible situation or probable future events

to make promises or warnings

• If you forget my bday, I'll never speak to you again!

• If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.
• Arsenal will be top of the league if they win.

How do we form the first conditional?

In first conditional sentences, the structure is usually: if/when + present simple + will + infinitive. If you don't drop the gun, I will shoot! If you don't leave, I will call the police. If I have time, I will finish that letter

Remember that...

It is also common to use the structure with when, unless, as long as, as soon as or in case instead of ''if''. When I die, I’ll leave all my money to charity. I'll leave as soon as the babysitter arrives. I don't want to stay in London unless I get a well-paid job. I'll give you a key in case I'm not at home. You can go to the party, as long as you're back by midnight.

Have fun!

Complete the sentences:

• If you (to repair) my bike, I (to help) you with the maths homework.
• It (to be) too hot if he (to travel) to Greece in August.
• If Peter (to sit) on the sofa, his sister (to sit) next to him.
• The policeman (to tell) you the way if you (to ask) him.
• If it (to snow) in the Alps, it (to rain) in Munich.

Correct answers

If you repair my bike, I will help you with the maths homework. It will be too hot if he travels to Greece in August. If Peter sits on the sofa, his sister will sit next to him. The policeman will tell you the way if you ask him. If it snows in the Alps, it will rain in Munich.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES:

• I (to lend) you my laptop if you (to promise) to be careful with it.
• If you (to add) some tomatoes, the sauce (to taste) much better.
• If Tom (to pull) this string, he (to open) the box.
• If I (to find) Simon's mobile, I (to take) it to the office.
• We (to get lost) if we (to forget) the town map.

CORRECT ANSWERS

I will lend you my laptop if you promise to be careful with it. If you add some tomatoes, the sauce will taste much better. If Tom pulls this string, he will open the box. If I find Simon's mobile, I will take it to the office. We will get lost if we forget the town map.

Comparison

zero conditional for things that are generally true

first conditional for possible situations

VS

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