2 types of relative clauses
defining relative clauses
Relative clause defines (decribes) the subject - we know which subject specifically we talk about
non-defining relative clauses
Relative clause doesn't decribe the subject, it ONLY gives additional information, without this clause we still know which subject we mean
Relative clauses
start
defining relative clauses
Relative clause defines (decribes) the subject - we know which subject specifically we talk about
relative pronouns
people
who / whom
which
things / animals
people / things
whose
place
where
date / time
when
reason
why
extended adjective
no commas
relative clause = extended adjective
- The building which was redecorated last year is my school.
- The woman who is sitting next to Mark has won the highest prize.
The building is my school. The woman has won the highest prize.
title your section here
who / which = that
I saw a friend who I hadn't seen for years. I met a woman who lived in Japan. The dress which I bought yesterday is very expensive. The dog which we met this morning bit my husband.
I saw a friend that I hadn't seen for years. I met a woman that lived in Japan. The dress that I bought yesterday is very expensive. The dog that we met this morning bit my husband.
omission of relative pronouns
one subject
The boy who stole the jewellery is over there. The book which was burnt was mine. The people who spoke to you last week are members of my family. The animals which live in that shelter are very ill.
two subjects (subject + object)
The boy who Tom was talking to is Kate's cousin. The book which we bought yesterday is about people in Africa.
omission of relative pronouns
two subjects (subject + object)
The boy (who) Tom was talking to is Kate's cousin. The boy Tom was talking to is Kate's cousin. The book (which) we bought yesterday is about people in Africa. The book we bought yesterday is about people in Africa. The park (which) we noticed a minute ago was shown in the film about James Bond. The park we noticed a minute ago was shown in the film about James Bond.
defining relative clauses - characteristcs
The book which I bought yesterday is very useful. The man who is standing next to Kate is my cousin. The politician whose wife works as a doctor is very trustworthy.
- NO commas
- who/which /when- that
pronouns (which, who, when, that)
non-defining relative clauses
Relative clause doesn't decribe the subject, it ONLY gives additional information, without this clause we still know which subject we mean
additional information
we need commas
- This building, which was redecorated last year, is my school.
- My cousin, who is sitting next to Mark, has won the highest prize.
This building is my school. It was redecorated last year. My cousin has won the highest prize. She is sitting next to Mark.
who / which - never changes into that
That park, where I met you for the first time, is supposed to be rebuilt. Last week I met your Japanese friend, who lived in Tokyo. That dress, which I bought yesterday, is very expensive. The best day of my life, when I saw Peter, I described in my diary.
relative pronouns are never omitted
That boy , who Tom was talking to, is Kate's cousin. This red book, which we bought yesterday, is about people in Africa. Those small roads, which we noticed a minute ago, were shown in the film about James Bond.
non - defining relative clauses - characteristcs
That book, which I bought yesterday, is very useful. This man, who is standing next to Kate, is my cousin. That politician, whose wife works as a doctor, is very trustworthy.
- always commas
- who/which /when- never that
- never omit pronouns (which, who, when, that)
thank you:)
relative clauses
irmina.doleglo
Created on February 28, 2021
grammar
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Transcript
2 types of relative clauses
defining relative clauses
Relative clause defines (decribes) the subject - we know which subject specifically we talk about
non-defining relative clauses
Relative clause doesn't decribe the subject, it ONLY gives additional information, without this clause we still know which subject we mean
Relative clauses
start
defining relative clauses
Relative clause defines (decribes) the subject - we know which subject specifically we talk about
relative pronouns
people
who / whom
which
things / animals
people / things
whose
place
where
date / time
when
reason
why
extended adjective
no commas
relative clause = extended adjective
The building is my school. The woman has won the highest prize.
title your section here
who / which = that
I saw a friend who I hadn't seen for years. I met a woman who lived in Japan. The dress which I bought yesterday is very expensive. The dog which we met this morning bit my husband.
I saw a friend that I hadn't seen for years. I met a woman that lived in Japan. The dress that I bought yesterday is very expensive. The dog that we met this morning bit my husband.
omission of relative pronouns
one subject
The boy who stole the jewellery is over there. The book which was burnt was mine. The people who spoke to you last week are members of my family. The animals which live in that shelter are very ill.
two subjects (subject + object)
The boy who Tom was talking to is Kate's cousin. The book which we bought yesterday is about people in Africa.
omission of relative pronouns
two subjects (subject + object)
The boy (who) Tom was talking to is Kate's cousin. The boy Tom was talking to is Kate's cousin. The book (which) we bought yesterday is about people in Africa. The book we bought yesterday is about people in Africa. The park (which) we noticed a minute ago was shown in the film about James Bond. The park we noticed a minute ago was shown in the film about James Bond.
defining relative clauses - characteristcs
The book which I bought yesterday is very useful. The man who is standing next to Kate is my cousin. The politician whose wife works as a doctor is very trustworthy.
- NO commas
- who/which /when- that
pronouns (which, who, when, that)non-defining relative clauses
Relative clause doesn't decribe the subject, it ONLY gives additional information, without this clause we still know which subject we mean
additional information
we need commas
This building is my school. It was redecorated last year. My cousin has won the highest prize. She is sitting next to Mark.
who / which - never changes into that
That park, where I met you for the first time, is supposed to be rebuilt. Last week I met your Japanese friend, who lived in Tokyo. That dress, which I bought yesterday, is very expensive. The best day of my life, when I saw Peter, I described in my diary.
relative pronouns are never omitted
That boy , who Tom was talking to, is Kate's cousin. This red book, which we bought yesterday, is about people in Africa. Those small roads, which we noticed a minute ago, were shown in the film about James Bond.
non - defining relative clauses - characteristcs
That book, which I bought yesterday, is very useful. This man, who is standing next to Kate, is my cousin. That politician, whose wife works as a doctor, is very trustworthy.
thank you:)