Unit 8. Mesopotamia

START

UNIT 8. MESOPOTAMIA

river civilizations

mesopotamian

1.

egyptian

2.

Tigris & Euphrates

Nile

chinese

4.

indian

3.

Huang He

Indus & Ganges

river civilizations

MESOPOTAMIANCIVILIZATION

LOCATION: between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates.NAME: "Land bewteen two rivers" Greeks

TIMELINE

babylonians

neo-babylonians

sumerians

1830 BCE

625 BCE

3500 BCE

1530 BCE

2300 BCE

539 BCE

assyrians

akkadians

persians

sumerians

sumerians

babylonians

persians

1830 BC

539 BC

3500 BCE

1530 BC

LOCATION: Lower Mesopotamia

assyrians

sumerians

DYKES

CANALS

• Ur
• Uruk
• Lagash

CITY-STATES

sumerians city-states

Uruk

sumerians city-states

Ur

Lagash

TIMELINE

babylonians

neo-babylonians

sumerians

1830 BCE

625 BCE

3500 BCE

1530 BCE

2300 BCE

539 BCE

assyrians

akkadians

persians

akkadians

babylonians

LOCATION: Middle Mesopotamia

persians

1830 BC

539 BC

1530 BC

2300 BC

assyrians

akkadians

akkadians

AKKAD

EMPIRE

SARGON I

i'm the first emperador of historty

sargon i

TIMELINE

babylonians

neo-babylonians

sumerians

1830 BC

625 BC

3500 BC

1530 BC

2300 BC

539 BC

assyrians

akkadians

persians

babylonians

babylonians

1830 BC

LOCATION: Middle Mesopotamia

babylonians

BABYLON

HAMMURABI

LEGAL CODE

HAMMURABI CODE

i'm the KING WHO UNIFIED THE LAWS

TAILON LAW

an for an

a for a

TIMELINE

babylonians

neo-babylonians

sumerians

1830 BC

625 BC

3500 BC

1530 BC

2300 BC

539 BC

assyrians

akkadians

persians

assyrians

LOCATION: Upper Mesopotamia

1530 BC

assyrians

assyrians

ASSUR

NINEVEH

WARRIORS

Ashurnasirpal II

assyrians

TIMELINE

babylonians

neo-babylonians

sumerians

1830 BC

625 BC

3500 BC

1530 BC

2300 BC

539 BC

assyrians

akkadians

persians

neo-babylonians

neo-babylonians

625 BC

LOCATION: Middle Mesopotamia

neo-babylonians

BABYLONIA

Nebuchadnezzar II

ARCHITECTURE

neo-babylonians

TIMELINE

babylonians

neo-babylonians

sumerians

1830 BC

625 BC

3500 BC

1530 BC

2300 BC

539 BC

assyrians

akkadians

persians

the end of babylonia by the persians

539 BC

Cyrus The Great

MESOPOTAMIAN

THE POLITICAL SYSTEM

Governed and undertook the organization of civilian activities (city defence, justice, water distribution, canals maintenance...).

Prince-Ensi- Emperor:

oversaw the worship of the gods and maintained the Temples and their property.

HIGH PRIEST:

MESOPOTAMIAN

economic activities

IRRIGATION-BASED AGRICULTURE:

The land was leased to the peasants, who grew cereals, vegetables, fruits, linen and cotton.

FOREIGN TRADE:

Excellent geographical situation for trading with foreigners and get other products not available.

THE society

MESOPOTAMIAN

COMMONERS

nobLES

slaves

INTERMEDIATE GROUP

• Scribes
• Traders
• Civil Servants

LOWER SOCIAL GROUP

UPPER SOCIAL GROUP

• King and his family
• High-ranking servants
• Priests

• War prisioners
• Citizen enslaved for not paying

INFERIOR GROUP

• Farmers
• Artists / Craftmen

no properties no freedom

High Economic and Social Power

FREE CITIZENS WITH THEIR OWN PROPERTIES

MESOPOTAMIAN

religion

• Polytheist: belief in numerous gods (***gods)
• Zigurat: the temple where the Gods were worshipped.
• Life after death: spirits live amongst dust and mud.

MESOPOTAMIAN

the cuneiform WRITING

- 3250 BC - Invention of writing - Cuneiform stile: stylus imprint wedge-shaped marks into soft clay tablets. - The clay tablets were dry in the Sun or baked in a Oven.

To administrative documentsTo economic documents To Poems To Legal codes

MESOPOTAMIAN

sciences

ASTROLOGY (Horoscopes)ASTRONOMY (Calendars) MATHEMATICS (Accounts and measures)

• NAME: Hanging Gardens
• TYPE: Palace
• ORIGIN: Neo- Babylon (Nebuchadnezar II)

• NAME: Ziggurat of Ur
• TYPE: Temple
• ORIGIN: Sumerian

• NAME: Khorsabad
• TYPE: Palace
• ORIGIN: Assyrian

• NAME: Ishtar Gate
• TYPE: Wall Gate
• ORIGIN: Neo- Babylon (Nebuchadnezar II)

• NAME: Asurnasirpal Hunting
• TYPE: Relief
• ORIGIN: Assyrian

• NAME: Standard of Ur
• TYPE: Wooden box
• ORIGIN: Sumerian

• NAME: Sargon I
• TYPE: Sculpture
• ORIGIN: Akkadian

• NAME: Ishtar goddess
• TYPE: Relief
• ORIGIN: Babylonian

• NAME: Hammurabi Code
• TYPE: Sculpture
• ORIGIN: Babylonian

• NAME: Statue of Gudea, ensi of Lagash
• TYPE: Sculpture
• ORIGIN: Summerian

MESOPOTAMIAN

MESOPOTAMIAN

MESOPOTAMIAN