Multimedia Design Principles and Theories

Multimedia Design: Principles and Theories

Mayer’s Research-Based Multimedia Design Principles

Clark and Lyons Theory and Principles

Lohr’s Lessons in Visual Literacy

Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning

Robin Williams’ Four Basic Design Principles

Universal Principles of Design

Reference:Martin, B. (2020). Digital Media for Learning: Theories, Processes, and Solutions. In Digital Media for Learning. Springer International Publishing AG

Mayer’s Research-Based Multimedia Design Principles

• Multimedia principle - words and graphics together
• Contiguity principle -position of graphics
• Modality principle -present words as audio
• Redundancy principle- on-screen text with graphics
• Coherence principle -avoid extra elements
• Personalization principle -use conversational format
• Segmenting and pertaining - break down into parts

Clark and Lyons Theory and Principles

Features of Visuals

• Features of visuals - includes surface, communication and psychological characteristics
• Content and Goal of the Lesson -
• Learner Characteristics - Visuals should match learner's characteristics

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Lohr’s Lessons in Visual Literacy

• Selection principle - design that helps the learner target what needs to be selected
• Organization principle - organization helps the learner process information
• Integration principle- instruction, visuals, and the information help the learner make meaningful connections

Robin Williams’ Four Basic Design Principles

Contrast - contrast makes items that are dissimilar visibly differentRepetition - Colors, lines, font reinforce a point or idea Alignment - Intentional placement of graphics Proximity - Related items should be placed close together

Universal Principles of Design

Design guidelines include:

• Ways to influence how a design is perceived
• Ways to help people to learn from design
• Ways to enhance the usability of design
• Ways to increase the appeal of design
• Ways to make better design decisions

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Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning

• Sensory Input
• Short-term Memory
• Long-term Memory