Referentes Contextuales CL IME

Referentes Contextuales

Comprensión de Textos en Inglés

IME

Profra. Martha Patricia Martínez M.

¿Qué son los Referentes Contextuales?

Los referentes contextuales son palabras que se usan para evitar la múltiple repetición de una misma palabra en el texto. Los referentes son los que sustituyen al sujeto de una oración, con ellos sabemos de qué o quién se habla, normalmente es algo o alguién que ya fue mencionado, que será mencionado o que esta implicito.

Example

• Nylon is very strong, Nylon can be machined, Nylon will take a fine thread, Nylon is also slippery and Nylon can be used to make whashers, sparcers and bushes.

• Nylon is very strong, it can be machined, it will take a fine thread, it is also slippery and it can be used to make whashers, sparcers and bushes.

Referentes Contextuales

Reflexive Pronouns

Object Pronouns

Possessive Adjectives

Possessives Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

I you he she it we they

me you him her it us them

mine yours his hers -- yours thiers

myself yourself himself herself itself themself ourself

my your his her its our their

MAS REFERENTES

Demonstrative Adjectives: this, that, these, those

Adverbs: here, there, now, they

Indefinite Pronouns: all, both, many, most, one, others, someone, everything

Otras: the earlier, the first, the later, the following

Tipos de referencia textual

him

he

Los pronombres personales se pueden usar ya que determinan su relación con el hablante y el/los receptores del mensaje Example Tom is an Industrial Engineering, he works for Pfizer. Implica volver atrás en el texto para buscar el referente.

her

she

it

they

them

you

Pronombres relativos who which that

- Example -

A large corporation has a lot of managers who can specialize in different aspects of the business

Example

The individual stockholders pay personal income taxes on their dividends

As the stock market continues to fluctuate, investors are closely monitoring its movements. They are particularly interested in understanding the impact of recent economic policies on their portfolios. Some have diversified their investments to mitigate risks, while others are cautiously optimistic about potential returns. Additionally, many are seeking advice from financial experts to navigate the dynamic landscape. Overall, market participants are adjusting their strategies based on the information available, and they remain vigilant to seize opportunities as they arise.

Cataforicos

Anaforicos

La anáfora es una repetición simple de una palabra cuando ésta va al principio de la frase..

La catafora es la anticipación de que algo va a mencionarse después en el texto.

VS

+info

+info

Cataforicos

Anaforicos

La anáfora es una repetición simple de una palabra cuando ésta va al principio de la frase..

La catafora es la anticipación de que algo va a mencionarse después en el texto.

VS

+info

+info

Transmission is the “interstate highway” of electricity delivery. It refers to the part of electricity delivery that moves bulk electricity from the generation sites over long distances to substations closer to areas of demand for electricity.

In most cases, the power moving through the transmission system must be reduced to lower voltage levels by electricity distributors before it can be delivered to a residence or business. Power, specifically the voltage level, sent through transmission lines is reduced, or ”stepped down,” via transformers and sent through distribution lines, which are then connected to homes and businesses.

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