The Early Modern Age

THE EARLY MODERN AGE IN SPAIN

1492 - 1789

The Early Modern Age in Spain

begins with the discovery of América in 1492

finishes with the French Revolution in 1789

and

The Catholic Monarchs 15th century

1492

1522

1519

1469

1478

Conquered of Granada. Expelled of Jews. Discovery of América

Juan S

Fernando de Magallanes sailed across the Pacific Ocean

Juan Sebastián Elcano sailed around the world

The Inquisistion began

Fernando of Aragón and Isabel of Castilla married

CoThe nquerd

Con

Fernan

Hapsburg Dinasty 16th and 17th centuries

Hapsburg

1556

1665

1598

1621

1516

Fe

Carlos II

Felipe III

Felipe IV

Carlos I

Felipe II

CarloCas I

Felipe II

Fe

Bourbons Dinasty 18th century

1700

1759

1789

Carlos III

French Revolution

Felipe V

Characteristics of the Early Modern Age

• Authoritian monarchies
• The nobels lose power
• Art, Sciences and Literature develop a lot
• Discovery of new lands

THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS

• The Catholic Monarchs were Isabel of Castilla and Fernando of Aragón
• They conquered Granada from the Muslims
• They expanded their kingdom to include the Canary Islands, Melilla, Navarra and some parts of Italy

THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS

• They were intolerant towards other religions
• They expelled the Jews
• They established the Inquisition
• The Inquisition was an organisation to find people who didn't follow the Catholic religion.
• The Inquisition arrested people and sometimes people were tortured and killed.

THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS

They gave money to Colón for a voyage of discovery

THE AGE OF DISCOVERY

During the Early Modern Age many European explorers made voyages to distant places. They discovered and conquered many lands and peoples. During the Middle Ages Europeans travelled to Asia to buy silk and species. When the Turks conquered Constantinopla the trade with Asia became more difficult. The Europeans wanted to find a western sea route to Asia.

THE AGE OF DISCOVERY

The discovery of América

In 1492 Christopher Columbus went on a voyage from Spain to find a western route to Asia. He landed on the Caribbean islands of San Salvador and Hispaniola. He discovered América ,but he believed he was in Asia. Columbus made four voyages.

THE AGE OF DISCOVERY

The discovery of América

Fernando de Magallanes was the first person to sail across the Pacific Ocean. He left Spain in 1519 and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. He sailed around South America and into the Pacific Ocean. Magallanes arrived in the Philippines where he was killed.

THE AGE OF DISCOVERY

The discovery of América

Juan Sebastián Elcano continued the expedition and arrived in Spain in 1522. Elcano was the first person to sail around the world

THE AGE OF DISCOVERY

The conquistadors

The conquistadors were Spanish explorers who conquered lands that became part of the Spanish Empire.

Hernán Cortés was a conquistador who went to Mexico in 1519. He travelled to the Aztec capital. The Aztec king, Montezuma, gave him gifts. But Cortés captured the king and conquered the Aztecs. He founded Mexico City and became the governor of New Spain.

THE AGE OF DISCOVERY

The conquistadors

Francisco Pizarro was another conquistador. In 1532 he went to Perú. Pizarro and his men took the Inca emperor, Atahualpa, captive. Pizarro conquered the Incas and became the governor of New Castilla.

THE AGE OF DISCOVERY

The consequences

• European culture and religion were imposed on the nativepeople
• Europeans also introduced new diseases which killedmillions of native people.
• Europeans introduced slavery to America.

• Europeans established new sea routes and learned more about geography.
• Spain became a powerful empire.
• Gold and silver from America was transported to Spain.
• Spain became one of the richest countries in Europe.
• New products were introduced to Europe, such as the potato and cocoa.

HAPSBURG DINASTY

16 th and 17th centuries

THE HAPSBURG KINGS

Felipe IV

Felipe II

Felipe III

Carlos II

Carlos I

THE HAPSBURG KINGS

Carlos I

Carlos I was the grandson of the Catholic Monarchs and the first Hapsburg king. He increased the Empire with lands all over the world. He also fought many battles against France, Spain’s main rival, as well as against the TurkishOttoman Empire.

THE HAPSBURG KINGS

Felipe II

Felipe II was Carlos I’s son and King of Spain from 1556 to 1598. He was also King of Portugal. Felipe II fought against France and the Ottoman Empire. He also sent the Armada to invade England in 1588, but it was defeated. Carlos I and Felipe II were the most important Hapsburg kings.

OTHER HAPSBURG KINGS

Felipe III

Felipe IV

Carlos II was the last Hapsburg king. He died in 1700 and didn't have any son.

BOURBON DINASTY

18th century

The war of Spanish Succession

Aſter Carlos II died in 1700, the War of the Spanish Succession began. France and the Kingdom of Castilla wanted Philip of Anjou to be king. But the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Aragón didn’t want a French king. In 1713 ended the war. Philip of Anjou became Felipe V, the first Bourbon King of Spain.

Bourbon kings

The main Bourbon kings were Felipe V and Carlos III

Felipe V

Felipe V

Felipe V ruled with absolute power in the first half of the 18th century. He divided Spain into provinces

Carlos III

Carlos III

Puerta de Alcalá

Carlos III ruled Spain in the second half of the 18thcentury. He modernised the country. He improved the roads and built cities and canals. Carlos III built the Puerta de Alcalá and the Prado Museum. He also built fountains, palaces, monuments and gardens.

Museo del Prado

ART AND CULTURE IN THE EARLY MODERN AGE

Artistic movements

During the period of the Catholic Monarchs and the Hapsburg dynasty, new artistic styles appeared inEurope: the Renaissance and the Baroque style.

The creation of Adam Michelangelo

The Renaissance was inspired by Ancient Greek and Roman art. Renaissance artists made the human body looked more realistic.

es

Las Meninas Velázquez

Baroque art used lots of curved lines and decoration. Baroque artists tried to express a lot of emotions.

IMPORTANT PAINTERS

Bartolomé Esteban de Murillo

Diego de Velázquez

PAINTINGS

Vieja friendo huevos Velázquez

Las Meninas Velázquez

La Inmaculada Concepción Murillo

IMPORTANT WRITERS

The most important writer in the 17th century was Cervantes. He wrote El Quijote Other important writers were Lope de Vega and Tirso de Molina. Lope de Vega wrote implortant plays such as Fuenteovejuna. Tirso de Molina was a writer and a monk. He wrote El burlador de Sevilla