Asexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

• One Parent

• All genetic information from one parent

• No mixing of sperm and eggs

• Offspring are clones of parent and each other

No Nucleus Asexual Bacteria

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic

Cells

Nucleus Sexual Humans

Cells

Binary Fission

E.g. - Bacteria

• One chromosome
• Chromosome copies
• Cell splits

Budding

• Bud grows
• Copy of nucleus in bud
• Bud grows and matures
• Breaks away from parent
• Hydra and yeast

Fragmentation

• Piece of organism breaks away
• Cell division (mitosis) creates needed parts
• Flatworms, some fungi
• Regeneration in Starfish (a little different)

Vegetative Propagation

• Term for asexual reproduction in plants
• One plant, identical genetics in offspring
• Self Pollination is NOT included in this

Meristem cells

• Unspecialized cells in the growth areas of plants (roots and stems)
• Can be whatever the plant needs
• Like human stem cells but in plants

Plant Processes - Asexual Reproduction

Runners

Tubers

Cuttings

• grow horizontally from the stems
• will have places where buds/plantlets will grow
• strawberries, pumpkins, and mint

• new plants will grow from swollen roots called tubers
• often, as with potatoes, a new stem/plant will grow from the tuber

• cut a piece of the stem
• place the cutting in water or soil
• new roots will begin to grow

Plant Processes - Asexual Reproduction

Grafting

Layering

• shoot from the parent plant is bent and pegged under the soil
• new roots will grow on the shoot
• can be removed and planted somewhere else.
• blackberries, raspberries

• rooted plant, the stock
• portion of another plant stem, the scion
• cut certain ways to fit together
• will begin to grow together
• can be some genetic variation because of the mixing of plants (Apples, lots of fruit trees)

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