REPORTED SPEECH

REPORTED SPEECH

Reported speech is when we tell someone what another person said. To do this, we can use direct speech or indirect speech. Direct speech: 'I work in a bank,' said Daniel. Indirect speech: Daniel said that he worked in a bank.

Rules for reporting speech. ... The first rule is to choose a reporting verb and tense. ... tell /say The second rule is to change the perspective, or point of view. ... Next, choose whether to include "that or "if." ... The fourth rule is to "backshift" the tense. ...

Backshift tense

• Present simple ----> Past simple
• Present progressive----> Past progressive
• Past simple __________> Past perfect simple
• Present perfect simple --> Past perfect simple
• Present perfect progressive_____> Past perfect progressive
• will -------> would can----->could
• may -------> might must ___> had to
• Conditional type 1 ---------> Conditional type 2

Examples

Reported speech

• Karen said: "I want to buy a new car"

Karen said (that) she wanted to buy a new car.

• Alan said, "I'm having a shower".

Alan said he was having a shower

• Silvia said: "I saw a bear behind the tree!
• Silvia said he had seen a bear behind the tree
• Tim said, "I've seen the Loch Ness monster.

SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY VERBS:agree, offer, refuse, demand, threaten, promise, etc..

advise, allow, beg, remind, order, invite, forbid, permit, warn,etc.

" Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat"

+object+fullinfinitive

+ full infinitive

exclaim, explain, claim, announce, complain, inform sb, admit

accuse of, apologise for , admit (to) , insist on, deny, suggest, etc.

Nombre del autor

+that-clause

+-ing form

R. Speech using introductory verbs

Jack

Mary

John

Aili

"I´m not going to help you because I´m too busy."

"I didn´t get a pay rise"

Jack denied having got a pay rise

John refused to help mebecause he was too busy.

Thank you!