Forest Management
By: Sophie Lin
Economic services
--plants for mediicines, dyes, animals, and fungi for food -wood for paper, building materials, and fuel
Ecosystem Services
FSC
US National Forests
Regulating service: trees and roots stabalize soil, preventing erosionCultural service: forests provide cultural asethetic and recreation values to poeple Regulating: Forests filter pollution and regulate carbon dioxide
FSC means Sustainable Forest Certification and is granted to companies whose methods are judged to be sustainable
The US national forests are areas of forested public land managed by the US Forest Service.
Old-growth vs second-growth
Old growth forests are natural forests left uncut by people. For example, an old standing tree has more rings on its trunk because it is older, and higher species composition. Second-growth is trees that have sprouted and grown to partial maturity. These trees have differen structure and nutrietn balance than old-grwoth trees. For example, most of the trees today are second-grwoth, such as timber that has been newly grown after being cut down.
Pros and cons of tree farms
Pros: tree farms provide short term economic gain and can help devloping countries boost their economy by providing resourcesCons: tree farms tend to lead to all trees being even-ages, which makes them lack biodiversity and vulnerable to pest insects
Processes of harvesting trees
Clearcutting: the harvesting of timber by cutting all the trees in an area; most cheap, but increases erosion and alters microclimates due to increased sunlight penetrationSelective cutting: method of timber harvesting wherby single trees or groups of trees are selectively cut while otheres are left; this creates an uneven-ages stand seed tree: timber harvesting approach that leaves small numbers of mature and vigourous seed-producing trees stnading; impact is that trees standing ressed a logged area, creating more trees.
Prescribed burns
Pros and cons of fire suppression
Pros and cons of forest fires
Prescribed burns is the practice of burning areas of forest or grassland under carefully controlled conditiosn to improve the heatlh of ecosystems and return them to a natural state
Pros: protects wildlife, protects propertyCons: small fires are important part of forest ecology, can lead to an increase in catostrphic fires
Pros: stimulates biodiversity, gets rid of fuel buildup to prevent catastrphic wildfiresCons: catastrphic fires can harm animals, they can also harm people living nearyby
Effects of deforestation and invasive pest species
Deforestation: effects biodiversity by destroying habitats, so there will be a decline in organisms. Soil health won't be as healthy because there are less organism matter going into the soil and soil will be more prone to erosion. Air quality will be worse because there will be more CO2 in the atmosphere.Invasive pest species: These pests, such as pine beetles cause forest fires and the destruction of forests. When pests prey on the forests, the dead trees become prone to catching on fire, leading to more catotstrphidc fires. Also, pine beetles are increasing activity during the summer because tmperature is warmer, which kills even more conifer trees.
Forest Management Poster
Sophie Lin
Created on November 12, 2020
By: Sophie Lin Class: 4B Teacher: Mr. Platt
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Transcript
Forest Management
By: Sophie Lin
Economic services
--plants for mediicines, dyes, animals, and fungi for food -wood for paper, building materials, and fuel
Ecosystem Services
FSC
US National Forests
Regulating service: trees and roots stabalize soil, preventing erosionCultural service: forests provide cultural asethetic and recreation values to poeple Regulating: Forests filter pollution and regulate carbon dioxide
FSC means Sustainable Forest Certification and is granted to companies whose methods are judged to be sustainable
The US national forests are areas of forested public land managed by the US Forest Service.
Old-growth vs second-growth
Old growth forests are natural forests left uncut by people. For example, an old standing tree has more rings on its trunk because it is older, and higher species composition. Second-growth is trees that have sprouted and grown to partial maturity. These trees have differen structure and nutrietn balance than old-grwoth trees. For example, most of the trees today are second-grwoth, such as timber that has been newly grown after being cut down.
Pros and cons of tree farms
Pros: tree farms provide short term economic gain and can help devloping countries boost their economy by providing resourcesCons: tree farms tend to lead to all trees being even-ages, which makes them lack biodiversity and vulnerable to pest insects
Processes of harvesting trees
Clearcutting: the harvesting of timber by cutting all the trees in an area; most cheap, but increases erosion and alters microclimates due to increased sunlight penetrationSelective cutting: method of timber harvesting wherby single trees or groups of trees are selectively cut while otheres are left; this creates an uneven-ages stand seed tree: timber harvesting approach that leaves small numbers of mature and vigourous seed-producing trees stnading; impact is that trees standing ressed a logged area, creating more trees.
Prescribed burns
Pros and cons of fire suppression
Pros and cons of forest fires
Prescribed burns is the practice of burning areas of forest or grassland under carefully controlled conditiosn to improve the heatlh of ecosystems and return them to a natural state
Pros: protects wildlife, protects propertyCons: small fires are important part of forest ecology, can lead to an increase in catostrphic fires
Pros: stimulates biodiversity, gets rid of fuel buildup to prevent catastrphic wildfiresCons: catastrphic fires can harm animals, they can also harm people living nearyby
Effects of deforestation and invasive pest species
Deforestation: effects biodiversity by destroying habitats, so there will be a decline in organisms. Soil health won't be as healthy because there are less organism matter going into the soil and soil will be more prone to erosion. Air quality will be worse because there will be more CO2 in the atmosphere.Invasive pest species: These pests, such as pine beetles cause forest fires and the destruction of forests. When pests prey on the forests, the dead trees become prone to catching on fire, leading to more catotstrphidc fires. Also, pine beetles are increasing activity during the summer because tmperature is warmer, which kills even more conifer trees.