Effects of tectonic plates - 4th. Grade

The effects of the movement of the tectonic plates

Science 4th. Grade, November 2020

Understand what are earthquakes, their main parts and know preventive measures when they ocurr.

Objective

Earthquakes

-Is when 2 tectonic plates move and get stuck and energy is accumulated. -When the energy is suddenly released, it produces an EARTHQUAKE. -Corresponds to the vibration of part of the Earth's crust and they mostly originate in the convergent boundaries of the tectonic plates. -Chile is located near the convergent boundary of two plates (Nazca and South American plates).

Important parts of an Earthquake

-Characterized by 2 main parts: 1. HYPOCENTER (FOCUS): is the point where the earthquake is produced in the Earth's crust. 2. EPICENTER: is where the earthquake is produced on the Earth's surface, exactly above the hypocenter.

EPICENTER

HYPOCENTER

Seismic Scales

-Seismic scales: -Used to measure an earthquake. -Most common are RITCHTER SCALE and MERCALLI SCALE. *RITCHER SCALE: -Measures the energy released by the earthquake (magnitude). -Goes from 0 to 10 degrees of magnitude. *MERCALLI SCALE: -measures the effects an earthquake has on people, buildings and terrain in a specific place (intensity). -Goes form I to XII degrees in intensity.

Seismic Scales

-Seismic scales: -Used to measure an earthquake. -Most common are RITCHTER SCALE and MERCALLI SCALE. *RITCHER SCALE: -Measures the energy released by the earthquake (magnitude). -Goes from 0 to 10 degrees of magnitude. *MERCALLI SCALE: -measures the effects an earthquake has on people, buildings and terrain in a specific place (intensity). -Goes form I to XII degrees in intensity.

Preventive and protective measures in case of an earthquake

What you need to do when there is an earthquake.

During the earthquake

Before an earthquake

After the earthquake

-Keep calm.-Should not leave the place where you are during an earthquake. -Stay away from windows or other objects that could fall. -If earthquake is strong, protect and get under a table or door frame.

-Evacuate the building and move to a previously safe area.-Never light a fire or turn on electrical appliances, as there might be gas leaks. -Stay alert because aftershocks are common.

-Know the evacuation plan.-Determine the safest areas at home, school and in your neighbourhood. -Know the evacuation roads and keep them clean of any obstruction.

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