Law Scrapbook- Carol Botros

Law Scrapbook Carol Botros CLM3M101 P. McArdle 6 November, 2020

Table of contents

Charter

19

Police/Prison/Sentencing

Civil Law

Criminal Law

13

Article 1

Article 1

Article 1

Article 1

14

20

Article 2

Article 2

Article 2

Article 2

15

21

16

Article 3

Article 3

10

Article 3

Article 3

22

Article 4

Article 4

Article 4

17

Article 4

11

23

Article 5

Article 5

Article 5

Article 5

12

18

24

The charter of rights and freedoms/human rights

Toronto rally calls on feds to address human rights violations in China

CANADA Toronto rally calls on feds to address human rights violations in China By Morganne Campbell Global News Posted December 8, 2019 5:46 pm Updated December 8, 2019 9:02 pm Ahead of International Human Rights Day, hundreds gathered on the steps of Old City Hall to urge the federal government to address what is considered the systematic suppression of human rights in China and beyond. “We Canadians do care about human rights not only in Canada but also around the world and our Canadian government needs to come up with a much stronger position towards China and Hong Kong,” explained organizer Gloria Fung, who is also a spokesperson with Canada Hong Kong Link. The rally started with speeches and honed in on standing in solidarity with other human rights defenders not just in Canada but around the world. There were people from Hong Kong, Korea, Tibet and Turkestan. “If the flame of freedom dies in Hong Kong, Tibet and (the) east Turkestan region, the whole world becomes much darker,” Fung said. “This struggle is not just about freedom for Hong Kong, Tibet and east Turkestan, it is also about people around the world fighting to defend core values that we all cherish, human rights, freedom, rule of law and democracy.” For months, there ha been political unrest in China. A pro-democracy movement has caused thousands to be jailed, city centres have been closed and police brutality continues to balloon. Hundreds of thousands take part in torchlight rallies in Hong Kong “I’m so happy that today a lot of people are gathered around here. Not only Chinese people but also a lot of Canadians,” demonstrator Jason Wang said. The protest was peaceful and was aimed at showing those abroad that they’re being thought of in the West. A similar demonstration was held in Vancouver. “When (the) global society cares about one issue and one specific country, I think it automatically gives pressure to the government and the police state. They’re going to be ashamed for what they’re doing if a lot of people criticize it globally,” added Hyunjin Cho, a participant from Korea. Demonstrators would like Canada to take a stronger stance on the ever-growing human rights violations in Hong Kong. According to advocates with the Canada Hong Kong Link, they’d like to see the federal government impose sanctions on key officials from China as well as freeze assets. Hong Kong remembers its Canadian Second World War defenders Hong Kong remembers its Canadian Second World War defenders “This is the most effective way of preventing them from continuing with their violations of human rights,” added Fung.

Toronto rally calls on feds to address human rights violations in China

a) To summarize, there were hundreds of people gathered at Old City Hall to try addressing systematic suppression of human rights in China to the federal government. The rally started with speeches and honed in on standing in solidarity with other human rights defenders not just in Canada but around the world. The protest was peaceful and was aimed at showing those abroad that they are being thought of in the West. A pro-democracy movement has caused thousands to be jailed, city centres have been closed and police brutality continues to balloon. The protest revolved around the idea that if human rights are not present in one country, it makes the whole world a “darker place” which is why these people were determined to defend core values that we all cherish, human rights, freedom, rule of law and democracy. The main goal was to hold government and police state accountable to their actions. b) This article involves a violation of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Section 2 (c) of the Charter allows Canadian citizens to the freedom of peaceful assembly under their Fundamental Freedoms. Freedom of peaceful assembly is defined as the individual right or ability of people to come together and collectively express, promote, pursue, and defend their collective or shared ideas. Saying this, by jailing people for peacefully protesting it then contravenes with the basics of human rights for Canadians. c) In my opinion to this article, it makes me very hopeful for the future. I say this because if thousands of individuals gather for other countries rights rather than just their own, it shows this sense of understanding in the world and it makes me certain that the future will lie in good hands.

Judge throws out drug trafficking, gun evidence over rights violation by Halifax police

By Staff The Canadian Press Posted March 18, 2019 2:06 pm Updated March 18, 2019 4:07 pm A judge has thrown out drugs and weapons evidence in a case against a Halifax woman, saying police breached her charter rights and that to do otherwise would “bring the administration of justice into disrepute.” Tavia Patrice Connolly was arrested by an RCMP-Halifax Police integrated drug unit in the parking lot of her Kearney Lake Road apartment for possession of marijuana for the purpose of trafficking on May 18, 2015. According to the facts of the case, police had been acting on confidential source information that the address was being used as a “stash house.” A police search of Connolly’s car turned up small quantities of marijuana, ecstasy and digital scales, while a search of her apartment found large amounts of drugs including marijuana, crack cocaine, hashish and heroin, along with four handguns and ammunition. In a decision released Monday, Justice Kevin Coady says he is unwilling to admit evidence from the apartment because police, who entered without a warrant, were acting on speculation and violated Connolly’s charter rights in doing so. The evidence shows police did not have a search warrant until 12:50 a.m. the next day. “In conducting a warrantless exigent search the police must hold a subjective belief that immediate action is required and that belief is objectively reasonable,” wrote Coady. The Nova Scotia Supreme Court judge said police also violated Connolly’s constitutional right to counsel by not providing her with the opportunity to contact her lawyer for 15-and-a-half hours after her arrest. Coady noted that Connolly had immediately indicated she wanted to speak to a lawyer upon her arrest. According to the evidence, Connolly arrived at police booking at 8 p.m. and remained there for 45 minutes without being offered a phone. Her right to that call was subsequently suspended by the watch commander until 10:35 a.m. on May 9, when she was permitted to use a phone. Coady said the onus is on the Crown to establish that the lengthy delay was reasonable in the circumstances. “The essence of the Crown’s position is that police were concerned that Ms. Connolly, or her counsel, might tip off someone about other arrests or searches that were going on at the time of Ms. Connolly’s detention. I do not find the evidence supportive of the Crown’s position.” The judge ultimately found that although police were within their rights to search Connolly’s car, the evidence found there is also inadmissible because of the two “serious breaches” of her charter rights. “The breaches in Ms. Connolly’s case are neither fleeting nor technical,” Coady said. “On the evidence I find they are profoundly serious and deliberate.”. “The only relief available would be to rule inadmissible the small amount of drugs found in her vehicle,” said Coady. There’s no word yet on whether the case will move on to trial.

In a decision released on Monday, Justice Kevin Coady says he is unwilling to admit evidence from the apartment because police, who entered without a warrant, were acting on speculation and violated Tavia Connolly's charter rights in doing so.

Judge throws out drug trafficking, gun evidence over rights violation by Halifax police

a) In summary, a judge has thrown out drugs and weapons evidence in a case against a Halifax woman, saying police breached her charter rights while in the process of investigating. Police had been acting on confidential source information that the address was being used as a stash house of drugs and weapons. Tavia Patrice Connolly was arrested in the parking lot of her apartment for possession of marijuana for the purpose of trafficking on May 18, 2015. Police found some marijuana, ecstasy and digital scales and large amounts of crack cocaine, hashish and heroin, along with four handguns and ammunition while searching her apartment. The evidence shows police did not have a search warrant until 12:50 a.m. the next day. Justice Kevin Coady says he is unwilling to admit evidence from the apartment because police, who entered without a warrant, were acting on speculation and violated Connolly’s charter rights in doing so. Not only was it the search warrant but Connolly had immediately indicated she wanted to speak to a lawyer upon her arrest however police also violated Connolly’s constitutional right to counsel by not providing her with the opportunity to contact her lawyer for 15-and-a-half hours after her arrest. b) Section 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms (protection against unreasonable search and seizure) were violated in this case when police searched her apartment without a search warrant until the next day. To add to, not only was section 8 being violated but as well as Section 10 (b) (right to counsel) when Connolly was not provided the opportunity to contact her lawyer. c) In my opinion, it is understandable that the evidence is inadmissible in this case however, under some grounds Connolly should be charged for the possession of drugs and weapons (case should not be dismissed).

Alberta Court of Appeal rules that searches of electronic devices at the border are unconstitutional Province's highest court revisits a Supreme Court of Canada decision dating back to 1988

By Zena Olijnyk 29 Oct 2020 In a case that could upend how phone and laptop searches are conducted at Canadian border crossings, the Alberta Court of Appeal has ruled a federal Customs Act section dealing with inspection of goods violates the Charter when it comes to such technologies. In R v Canfield, the court found the Canada Border Services Agency infringed on the rights of two men charged with child pornography offences after a search of their cell phones at Edmonton International Airport. It wrote their rights were violated under s 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which says everyone has "the right to be secure against unreasonable search and seizure," and s 10, which specifies rights upon arrest or detention, including the right to consult a lawyer and the right to habeas corpus. It also found that statements they made after detention are subject to the protection of s 7 under the Charter guaranteeing "the right to life, liberty and security of the person and the right not be deprived thereof except in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice." "It's a far-reaching decision because hundreds of thousands of people come through the border every year," said lawyer Kent Teskey, who represented the appellants with Evan McIntyre. "Now it has been held that the Canada Border Services Agency must have grounds to search these devices." McIntyre added that the decision is also significant because this is one of a handful of cases where a lower court has revisited a Supreme Court of Canada decision. "The leading case on constitutional protections for travellers dates back to 1988, well before the advent of personal electronic devices and cell phones. Teskey also noted that the section of the Customs Act challenged, in this case, is the same one that has "become relevant" in the extradition of Huawei executive Meng Wanzhou. In the decision, released Thursday, the appeal court wrote: "We declare that the definition of 'goods' in s 2 of the Customs Act is of no force and effect insofar as it includes the contents of personal electronic devices for the purpose of s 99(1)(a) of the Customs Act." However, the court still concluded that the evidence, in this case, should not be excluded, under s. 24(2) of the Charter, because the border guards who detained the two appellants acted in good faith and "reasonably believed that such searches were authorized by s 99 (1) (a) of the Customs Act." The court also suspended the declaration of invalidity of the relevant section of the Customs Act for one year to provide Parliament with the opportunity to amend the legislation to determine how to address searches of personal electronic devices at the border. The Crown or the appellants could also ask for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada. Sheldon Canfield and Daniel Townsend were each charged with child pornography possession in 2014, and later convicted. The evidence against them included photographs and videos retrieved when the Canadian Border Services Agency searched their electronic devices (a cell phone and laptop computer, respectively). Both appellants are Canadian citizens. At their trial, the Crown relied on the leading legal authority on searches conducted at the border, R v Simmons, a Supreme Court of Canada case decided in 1988. That case recognized that the degree of personal privacy reasonably expected by individuals seeking to enter Canada is lower than in most other situations. Section 99(1)(a) of the Customs Act permits the routine examination of any "goods." The search for personal electronic devices, such as laptop computers and cell phones, has been treated as coming within the definition of "goods" for the purposes of s 99(1)(a). The search for goods is included in the Simmons-defined category of routine searches that can be undertaken without any individualized grounds. The trial judge took the same approach to the search of the appellants' personal electronic devices and declined the defence request to revisit Simmons in relation to those searches. The judge concluded that s 99(1)(a) of the Customs Act is valid and constitutional and the evidence of child pornography found on the appellants' devices was admissible as it had not been obtained in breach of their Charter rights. He further concluded that, if he was wrong, the evidence should not be excluded under s 24(2) of the Charter. On appeal, Canfield and Townsend argued that s 99(1)(a) of the Customs Act is unconstitutional and offends s 8 of the Charter "because it imposes no restrictions on the ability to search personal electronic devices." The applicants also argued that individuals, even those at the border, have a reasonable expectation of privacy concerning their electronic devices. The ruling should be revisited to the extent that it does not distinguish between the search of such devices and the search of other goods. The trial judge had concluded that Simmons "remains binding authority," and he declined to reconsider the matter. The appeal court panel acknowledged that a binding precedent, such as Simmons, can be revisited if there are new legal issues or significant developments in the law or a change in the circumstances or evidence that fundamentally shifts the parameters of the debate. The decision said there "have been significant developments, both in the technology of personal electronic devices and the law relating to searches of such devices, since Simmons was decided in 1988." The issue is to consider whether it is appropriate that the law be changed. The court also noted that in 1997, a decade after Simmons was released, only 22 percent of Canadian households had a cell phone for personal use; by 2004, that number had increased to 59 per cent. In January 2019, there were approximately 28 million mobile internet users in Canada. In January 2020, 96% of Canada's population had a mobile connection, and 94% used the internet. Of those who use the internet, 89% own a smartphone, 85% own laptops or desktop computers, and 55% own a tablet device. A series of Supreme Court cases have recognized that individuals have a reasonable expectation of privacy when it comes to the contents of personal electronic devices. The appeal court wrote: "While reasonable expectations of privacy may be lower at the border, the evolving matrix of legislative and social facts and developments in the law regarding privacy in personal electronic devices have not yet been thoroughly considered in the border context." As a result, the court wrote that it is satisfied that the trial judge "erred by failing to recognize that Simmons should be revisited to consider whether personal electronic devices can be routinely searched at the border." The court also concluded that s 99(1)(a) of the Customs Act is unconstitutional because it imposes no limits on the searches of such devices at the border and is not saved by s 1 of the Charter. "We accordingly declare that the definition of 'goods' in s 2 of the Customs Act is of no force or effect insofar as the definition includes the contents of personal electronic devices for the purpose of s 99(1)(a)."

a) In summary, the article explains why the Alberta court of appeal is in favor of the fact that that searches of electronic devices at the border are unconstitutional. It all came down when Canada Border Services Agency violated the rights of two men charged with child pornography offences after a search of their cell phones at Edmonton International Airport. However, the court still concluded that the evidence, in this case, should not be excluded, under s. 24(2) of the Charter, because the border guards who detained the two appellants acted in good faith and "reasonably believed that such searches were authorized by s 99 (1) (a) of the Customs Act." As a result, the court wrote that it is satisfied that the trial judge "erred by failing to recognize that Simmons should be revisited to consider whether personal electronic devices can be routinely searched at the border." b) Charter of rights and Freedoms- In R v Canfield, the court found the Canada Border Services Agency infringed on the rights of two men charged with child pornography offences after a search of their cell phones at Edmonton International Airport. It wrote their rights were violated under s 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which says everyone has "the right to be secure against unreasonable search and seizure," and s 10, which specifies rights upon arrest or detention, including the right to consult a lawyer and the right to habeas corpus. It also found that statements they made after detention are subject to the protection of s 7 under the Charter guaranteeing, "the right to life, liberty and security of the person and the right not be deprived thereof except in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice." c) This case is very sensitive and debatable under many grounds due to the charter violations, however also because of the Customs Act. These both contravene in this case. Overall, this shows how the law isn’t always black and white but may overlay each other.

The Alberta Court of Appeal has ruled border searches of phones and laptops violate the Canadian Charter

Fake news section of Elections Act faces Charter challenge

By Patrick Cain- Global News Posted September 18, 2019 2:43 pm A Calgary-based legal foundation is asking an Ontario court to strike down new sections of the Elections Act that forbid making certain false statements during a campaign. “In our view, this legislation is almost comically in violation of … the Charter guarantee of freedom of expression,” said the Canadian Constitution Foundation‘s executive director, Joanna Baron. “Our mandate is to protect constitutional liberties. We think this issue is particularly important because freedom of expression is most important during an election campaign. That’s when we want the most vibrant political speech.” The CCF is a libertarian legal charity. It backed a New Brunswick man’s challenge to interprovincial trade barriers, which ended in a 2018 Supreme Court decision. The organization’s lawyers have asked for the case to be heard quickly, given that the campaign is already underway, Baron said. The disputed section was part of Bill C-76, a package of election-related amendments passed late last year. It forbids: Falsely saying that a political figure has broken a law, has been charged with breaking a law or is being investigated. Making false statements about a political figure’s citizenship, place of birth, education, professional qualifications or membership in a group Breaking the law could lead to up to five years in prison and a $50,000 fine. New report finds Canadians consuming more news, but increasing anxiety over fake news. To violate the law, the statement must be made during the election and with the intent of affecting the election. That might seem like a difficult thing for a prosecutor to prove, but Baron argues it isn’t. “Our interpretation of this is more or less that all political speech — on social media, particularly, or anywhere else during an election — could be made to be read with the intent to affect the results of an election,” she says. ‘Not feeling great’ about social media platforms’ commitment to elections security: Gould As for whether it’s likely to be used, she argues that that’s not the point. “Our understanding of acts of Parliament that have been deliberated and assented to by Parliament [is that they] are intended to be used, and if they’re not, they should not be on the books,” Baron said. In its filings, the CCF argues that someone might express a good-faith opinion that a political figure had broken the law and end up in prison “even if the statement was made honestly, in good faith and on reasonable grounds. The same could occur if an individual simply states that a candidate or party leader is a crook.” “Such claims may be overstated, crude, satirical or sarcastic,” the filing continues. “Yet, an individual may consider it necessary to use hyperbole, parody, satire or sarcasm — sometimes in a biting or offensive way — to make a point effectively or to fully express their thoughts, beliefs and opinions.” Nothing stops a political figure from suing a critic for defamation, Baron argues. “We already have protections in our law against speech that incites hateful acts or that is defamatory. This law goes much further than that and casts a broader net,” she said. “A statement that Justin Trudeau or Andrew Scheer or Jagmeet Singh is a crook, or even, to take an actual example that’s happened, Conservatives alleged on their Twitter page that Justin Trudeau was being investigated by the RCMP — that could be caught by this law.” The case was filed in the Ontario Superior Court in Toronto. A hearing has not been scheduled. The federal attorney general, who is named in the suit, has not filed a response but has said it will be appearing in court to defend the law. Before being amended, the Elections Act forbade knowingly publishing “any false statement of fact in relation to the personal character or conduct of a candidate or prospective candidate.”

a) This article contravenes between the different viewpoints relating to the fake news Section of the Elections Act and the Charter (section 2b). The main argument against the Fake News section of the Elections Act is the fact that freedom of expression is the most important aspect during an election campaign. While Canadians consume more news, they stress over the fake news being provided. It is against the law to make a false statement during election time in hopes of disrupting the campaigns reputation; therefore, it also affects the results of an election. On the other hand, the CCF argues that individuals may express a good-faith opinion that a political figure had broken the law and end up in prison, “even if the statement was made honestly, in good faith and on reasonable grounds. The same could occur if an individual simply states that a candidate or party leader is a crook.” “Such claims may be overstated, crude, satirical or sarcastic,” the filing continues. “Yet, an individual may consider it necessary to use hyperbole, parody, satire or sarcasm — sometimes in a biting or offensive way — to stress the importance and overall effectively express their thoughts, beliefs and opinions.” b) When speaking of freedom of thought, belief and expression we directly relate that to section 2 (b) of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. This article shows reasoning as to why some believe that parts of the Election Act violate the Charter of Canadian citizens. c) In my opinion, I believe that candidates should have a fair election with all the right facts however if a citizen would like to express their opinion or belief, they should be able to with reasonable limits such as accurate facts and information on the candidate.

Two Toronto cops charged with assault following 2019 incident on TTC

Katherine DeClerq Multi-Platform Writer, CTV News Toronto @KateDeClerq Contact Published Wednesday, July 22, 2020 5:17PM EDT TORONTO -- A Toronto police officer is facing an additional charge and a second officer has been arrested in connection with a 2019 incident where a man was allegedly assaulted after he refused to leave a bus. According to police, officers were called to the area of Markham and Ellesmere roads after receiving reports of a man who refused to leave a TTC bus. The man was arrested and charged, police said. Police say the man later filed a complaint alleging the officers used “unnecessary and excessive force.” As a result of a Toronto Police Service Professional Standards investigation , Detective Christopher Hutching, who has 24 years of experience with the police force, was charged with assault in connection with the incident. On Wednesday, police laid an additional charge of attempting to obstruct justice. A second police officer was also taken into custody on Wednesday. Detective Jason Tanoye has been charged with assault and attempting to obstruct justice in connection with the complaint. Tanoye has served with the Toronto Police Service for 14 years. Both officers have been suspended with pay as per the Police Services Act and are scheduled to appear in court on Aug. 26.

A logo at the Toronto Police Services headquarters, in Toronto, on Friday, August 9, 2019.

a) To summarize, A Toronto police officer is facing an additional charge and a second officer has been arrested in connection to the arrest of a man on a TTC bus in Scarborough late last year. The man that refused to leave the TTC bus was charged and arrested but filed a complaint against the police officer claiming that the officers used “used unnecessary and excessive force” during the course of the arrest. Detective Christopher Hutching and Detective Jason Tanoye were both charged with assault and an additional charge of attempting to obstruct justice in addition to suspension of pay. b) This article directly relate to Section 12 of the Charter as it states “Everyone has the right not to be subjected to any cruel and unusual treatment or punishment.” This section is often used as a means to challenge mandatory minimum sentences. In this case, the file stating that the officers “used unnecessary and excessive force” is a challenge to the Charter because citizens are obligated to not be subjected to any cruel and unusual treatment or punishment. c) In my opinion, the officers should have just followed their procedure to arrest rather than overdoing it to the point of the complaint file from the citizen. This jeopardizes their career and holds charges against them.

Civil law

Dispute over a property line fence stirs up a costly battle at the Superior Court of Justice

By Bob Aaron Contributing Columnist Wed., Oct. 14, 2020t 2 min. read Update Article was updated 6 days ago A recent decision from the Ontario Superior Court of Justice in Toronto provides a compelling lesson about why disputing neighbours should keep their differences off the internet. The case ended with a $70,000 judgment against an online activist who interfered in the dispute. The plaintiff, Tina Duncan, owns a house on Wells St., in Aurora. Her neighbour to the south, Marnee Buckles, owns a house eight inches from the lot line between the two properties. After Duncan purchased her house in 2017, she constructed a wooden fence on the property line. Buckles objected to the height of the fence, saying it blocked the view from some of her windows. When Buckles complained to the town of Aurora, by-law inspectors inspected and advised Duncan that the fence was too high but they found no by-law infractions. Duncan reduced the height of the fence. Since Aurora would not require the removal of the fence, Buckles then went public with her complaints to the local media, and on Facebook and other social media platforms. In January 2018, Buckles engaged Robert Lepp to assist in her dispute. In his online blog, Lepp described himself as a “trusted street view photographer and municipal activist.” Lepp made numerous negative and disparaging comments about Duncan in blog posts, emails and YouTube videos. He also launched an online petition signed by at least 300 people. Buckles then took Duncan to Small Claims Court for nuisance and trespass damages. The judge found the fence was legal and did not constitute a nuisance or trespass. After Duncan served Buckles and Lepp with a notice under the Libel and Slander Act, Buckles removed her online posts but Lepp continued with his. Duncan then sued Buckles and Lepp for defamation. Lepp did not defend the action, and was noted in default in the litigation. He continued his online campaign against Duncan. After a delay, Lepp applied to Superior Court to allow him to file a defence to the lawsuit, but he was turned down and ordered to pay $18,000 in costs. In January 2020, Duncan applied to Superior Court Justice Lise Favreau for a default judgment against Lepp for defamation. Since Lepp had not filed a defence, the judge ruled that there was no need for a trial and all Duncan had to do was to prove her claim for defamation. The judge ruled that Duncan’s claim met the three tests and that Lepp’s words had indeed defamed her. She found that Lepp accused Duncan of deliberately acting illegally, that his statements suggested she received preferential treatment from the town because of political connections, and that she was a liar. Lepp was ordered to pay Duncan $50,000 in general damages, $10,000 in aggravated damages for conduct which was high-handed and oppressive, and $10,000 in punitive damages for actions that were malicious and unfounded. Lepp has appealed the decision.

a) Two house owners on Wells St. in Aurora both owned property 8 inches apart from each other. After one of the owners, Tina Duncan, decided to build a fence on the edge of her property. Her neighbour, Marnee Buckles, did not approve and complained the fence was too high. Buckles made complaints which brought inspectors to look at Duncan’s fence. Even though there were no by-law violations, Duncan lowered the height of the fence. Buckles had other ideas and wanted the entire fence removed; she even started to complain to local media about her unnecessary desires. A few months later, Buckles engaged a man named Robert Lepp, she used him assist her in taking lawful actions against Duncan. Lepp started to rant and share negative comments about Duncan all over social media and got 300 people to sign a petition against Duncan. Buckles was disproved when she took Duncan to Small Claims Court for trespassing damages and was told the fence was legal. Lepp wasn’t discouraged when Buckles was disproved and continued with his posts about Duncan. Duncan took action against Buckles and Lepp and sued them for defamation. Lepp should’ve stopped his posts on social media when he was turned down to file a defence against the lawsuit and was charged with a total of $70,000 in general damages, aggravated damages, and in punitive damages after being caught lying about claims said about Duncan. b) When dealing with property dispute and defamation, we look under Civil law for these matter. c) In my opinion, Marnee Buckles took this too far, especially due to the fact that Ducan's fence did not violate any regulations. To begin with Ducan lowered the fence without needing to, however Buckles then pushed for more.

Nova Scotia Teachers Union reaches tentative deal with the province

By Alexander Quon Global News Posted October 26, 2020 10:50 am Updated October 26, 2020 6:06 pm The Nova Scotia Teachers Union has reached a tentative agreement with the provincial government on a new contract for its members, the organization confirmed on Monday. The tentative deal, which must still be agreed upon in a vote by the members of the Nova Scotia Teachers Union (NSTU), was reached on Friday. NSTU president Paul Wozney is not commenting publicly on the details of the agreement but provided a statement to Global News. “We look forward to sharing the details of the proposed contract and consulting with membership over the coming weeks,” said Wozney. “Out of respect for the collective bargaining process the NSTU will not be commenting publicly on the tentative agreement until a ratification vote has been held.” NSTU members have been without a contract since the end of the 2019 school year and talks between the two sides have been contentious. The introduction of the Glaze report in 2018 and the dissolution of Nova Scotia’s school boards in favour of regional centres for education was strongly opposed by the NSTU. The union filed a bad-faith bargaining complaint against the provincial government at the start of the year after the province’s proposal to remove teaching specialists from the bargaining, but that complaint was eventually dropped. As of October, school specialists have since been allowed to be accepted into the NSTU. Disagreements over the state of schools and reopening during the COVID-19 pandemic have also dominated headlines. The relationship between Premier Stephen McNeil and the NSTU has been particularly tumultuous. The premier’s decision to abruptly step down once a new leader of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party is selected may have also changed the dynamic of the negotiations. The province’s labour department confirmed the tentative agreement in a statement from labour minister Mark Furey. “The union will be sharing details with their members. Out of respect for the bargaining process, we have no further comment at this time,” Furey said. The NSTU says it will release the date for a ratification vote sometime this week.

Nova Scotia Teachers Union president Paul Wozney is seen on Thursday, Sept. 3, 2020. Graeme Benjamin/Global News

a) To summarize, The Nova Scotia Teachers Union (NSTU) and the provincial government have come to an agreement on a new contract. The NSTU and province agreed on the tentative deal on Friday. NSTU members have been without a contract since the end of the 2019 school year and talks between the two sides have been controversial. b) When dealing with contracts, we directly relate to Civil law. Contracts are an agreement between private parties creating mutual obligations enforceable by law. The basic elements required for the agreement to be a legally enforceable contract are mutual assent, expressed by a valid offer and acceptance; adequate consideration; capacity; and legality. In this case, the contract is tentative between the NSTU and provincial government. c) My reaction to the contract would be somewhat vague because details have not been reported out of respect for the bargaining process however, in my opinion I do believe the votes of the NSTU will come out as the majority.

Saskatoon Police Association ratifies new 3-year contract

By David Giles Global News Posted June 23, 2020 1:54 pm A new three-year contract has been reached between the Saskatoon Police Association (SPA) and the board of commissioners. Saskatoon Police Service members will receive a 5.1 per cent pay increase over the life of the contract: 1.0 per cent on Jan. 1, 2020, 1.0 per cent on July 1, 2020, 1.6 per cent on July 1, 2021, and 1.5 per cent on July 1, 2022. A joint statement from the SPA and the Saskatoon Board of Police Commissioners said 76.8 per cent of the members who voted were in favour of the new contract. “The Saskatoon Police Association is pleased to have reached a negotiated settlement with the Saskatoon Board of Police Commissioners,” said SPA president Dean Pringle. “We feel the agreement reached is fair for our members and is consistent with other police services across the prairies.” The board of commissioners approved the contract at its meeting on June 18. “The board is also pleased with the agreement that has been negotiated and we are confident the measures set forth will continue to contribute to strengthening the culture of community safety in Saskatoon,” said board chair Darlene Brander. The contract expires on Dec. 31, 2020. The SPA represents 529 active members of the Saskatoon Police Service.

Saskatoon Police Service members will receive a 5.1 per cent pay increase over the three years of the contract. File / Global News

a) The Saskatoon Police Association (SPA) were given an opportunity with a 3-year contract that would enable the police service members to gain an additional 5.1% raise as the contract is active. Many members of the SPA were interested in this negotiation as shown when over 77% voted to undertake the new contact. SPA president, Dean Pringle, made an agreement with the board of commissioners after finalizing the contract on June 18. The board was relieved with this offer because of the contribution it will have on the security and safety of Saskatoon. b) When dealing with contracts, we directly relate to Civil law. Contracts are an agreement between private parties creating mutual obligations enforceable by law. The basic elements required for the agreement to be a legally enforceable contract are: mutual assent, expressed by a valid offer and acceptance; adequate consideration; capacity; and legality. c) In my opinion to the article, I believe putting the money into police services and payment allows for the community to ensure a more secure/safer living.

Nova Scotia doctors reach tentative agreement with provincial government

By Staff The Canadian Press Posted October 28, 2019 11:42 am The group that represents Nova Scotia’s 3,100 physicians has reached two tentative contract settlements with the provincial government. Doctors Nova Scotia says the proposed four-year contracts with the Department of Health and Wellness will be submitted for a ratification vote between Nov. 4 and Nov. 25. The organization says no contract details will be released until after the vote. The tentative agreements were reached after 11 months of negotiations. If ratified, they will replace the doctors’ 2015 master agreement and their master clinical/academic funding plan, which expired on March 31. Dr. Gary Ernest, president of Doctors Nova Scotia, says the new contracts would stabilize some of the province’s most critical services.

Doctors Nova Scotia says the proposed four-year contracts with the Department of Health and Wellness will be submitted for a ratification vote between Nov. 4 and Nov. 25. Joe Raedle/Getty Images

a) In summary, two tentative contracts have been reached between Nova Scotia’s Department of Health and Wellness and the provincial government. The new contract was proposed with the purpose of stabilizing necessary services. If the suggested 4-year contract is confirmed, they will replace the doctors’ 2015 master agreement and their master clinical/academic funding plan, which expired on March 31. These agreements were reached after 11 months of negotiating. b) Anything to do with contracts fall under Civil law. In this case, the contract trying to be reached is in hopes of stabilizing necessary provincial services (physicians). c) My initial reaction to the article was glad. I am glad that the provincial government is signing contracts with Health departments in hopes of making the provinces a healthy environment. On the other hand, I also felt feelings of shock. When I read that it took 11 months of negotiating, I was not sure as to why. Moreover, I know that in some cases it takes up to years so it was not too bad in this case.

Did a Cult Hair-Care Line Cause Thousands of Women to Lose Their Hair? DevaCurl, which for many women represented a hard-won acceptance of their curls, is a target of class-action lawsuits.

By Courtney Rubin April 1, 2020 Ayesha Malik’s long dark hair once fell in such unbelievably perfect Botticelli curls that in 2017 she felt compelled to take to YouTube to prove to online naysayers that she didn’t use a curling iron or wear a wig. Her hair-care routine included DevaCurl products, which she promoted first as a fan and then, inevitably, as an influencer, flown by the company to New York and Miami from her home in Anchorage to meet fans and post about the brand. But on Jan. 31 of this year, after many months of bad hair days, itching and hair loss she could no longer hide, Ms. Malik posted a 16-minute talk, titled “Why I Stopped Using DevaCurl,” in which the natural state of her curls appears to be frizzy, as if she’d vigorously brushed them out. “If you’ve bought DevaCurl products because of me, I am sorry,” she says in the video, which has been viewed more than 2.3 million times on YouTube. “And if you are currently using these products, stop immediately.” Ms. Malik, 29, is among the most well known of the thousands of women (and a few men) blaming DevaCurl for problems ranging from misshapen and deflated curls to inflamed scalps to hair loss. Stephanie Mero, a hairstylist in Orlando, Fla., who formerly sold (and used) DevaCurl, started a Facebook group called Hair Damage & Hair Loss from DevaCurl — You’re not CRAZY or ALONE. It has nearly 60,000 members, a lot of pictures of thinning hair and bald spots, and a thread for those considering chopping off all their hair. (Ms. Mero has.) There are also at least 10 class-action lawsuits pending, including four in New York, in which customers say DevaCurl damaged their scalps and made their hair fall out in clumps. (Neither Ms. Malik or Ms. Mero have joined the suits, they said in interviews. Ms. Mero, 29, is mulling her options; Ms. Malik has retained a lawyer and is considering her legal options “because no one’s ever going to get hair advice from me ever again.”) For a generation of women who grew up straightening their hair, DevaCurl represented a hard-won path to curl acceptance, and customers talked about the brand with religious fervor. “DevaCurl is the first brand I used that worked well with my hair and sold me on our lord and savior, the CGM,” a Reddit user wrote, referring to the Curly Girl Method of using just conditioner and gel. (CGM was developed by Lorraine Massey, a DevaCurl founder, who left the company in 2013.) For the products not just to fail customers but also to potentially harm them felt akin to betrayal. The company, which grew out of the success of the SoHo specialty curl salon DevaChan, and whose products were name-dropped on “Broad City,” has established a website called Facts About DevaCurl. There are details of various tests performed and frequently asked questions, including whether DevaCurl is considering a recall. Answer: No. “Nothing is more important to us than the health of our DevaCurl community,” Jennifer Smith, DevaCurl’s research and development manager, wrote in an emailed statement. She added that based on rigorous testing and consultation with medical professionals, scientists and stylists, “we can conclusively say that our products are safe.” The company has also offered no-questions-asked refunds, Ms. Smith said. Neither Sephora nor Ulta, both of which carry the products, have immediate plans to remove them. “We are in close communication with the brand as they continue to update the beauty community on the safety and effectiveness of their products,” Sephora said in an emailed statement. A statement from Ulta also said the company was continuing “to work closely with DevaCurl to understand the issues some users may have experienced.”

Ayesha Malik started using deva curl products as a fan then later on as a influencer as she was flown by the company to New York and Miami from her home. After months of bad hair days, itching and hair loss, she could no long hide it, on Jan. 31 of this year she posted a video talking about why she stopped using the product, apologized to those who bought it because of her, and told those who currently use to it to stop immediately. Malik is blaming Deva Curl for problems ranging from misshapen and deflated curls to inflamed scalps to hair loss. There are also at least 10 class-action lawsuits pending against Deva Curl claiming the same thing as Malik. This class action suit including Malik v Deva Curl is a tort- product liability; Torts fall under Private law (Civil Law) and mean damage to person or property. In order to sue someone successfully the plaintiff has to prove that there are damages. That it was the defendant's negligence or that they were owed a specific standard of care. In my opinion to the article, if I were in the shoes of Deva Curl Company I would be devastated. To invest so much into a company and product takes times and money and on top of that they have a class action suit against them which will cause the company to shut down. Overall, I would say it is a shame to get that far and have to stop due to a product that was not tested properly.

Criminal law

Man found dead with gunshot wounds inside Jeep in Markham, police say

By Gabby Rodrigues Global News Posted July 28, 2020 5:32 am Updated July 28, 2020 5:29 pm York Regional Police say a 32-year-old man was found dead inside of a Jeep that struck a hydro pole early Tuesday. Emergency crews were called to the intersection of Brimley Road and Denison Street at around 3:30 a.m. Police said the victim was found inside an orange Jeep Wrangler, which had collided into a pole, with gunshot wounds. He was pronounced dead at the scene. He has since been identified as Wei You of Markham. The homicide unit is investigating the incident and are asking any witnesses or anyone with video to contact police at 1-866-876-5423 ext. 7865 or Crime Stoppers anonymously at 1-800-222-8477. Roads were closed in the area for the investigation.

A 32-year-old Markham man was killed after someone shot at his Jeep while he was driving, causing him to crash. As Catherine McDonald reports, the victim Wei You has no criminal record and police sources say he was not known to them.

In summary, 32- year old man, Wei You was found dead with gunshot wounds in his orange Jeep Wrangler that collided into a hydro pole. The homicide unit is investing and asking witnesses to contact the police. This article falls under criminal law as a crime has been committed. The gunshot wounds indicates a homicide. Homicide→ is classified under the Criminal Code; a person who commits a homicide when directly or indirectly, by any means, has caused the death of a human being. In reaction to the article, my first thoughts to mind are that he was shot through the window and while he was caught off guard, it caused him to hit the hydro pole.

Peterborough teen charged with 3 counts of assault in parking lot: police

By Greg Davis Global News Posted November 4, 2020 9:43 amA 14-year-old boy has been charged with assault following an incident in a Lansdowne Street parking lot on Tuesday afternoon. According to the Peterborough Police Service, around 2:45 p.m., a teen was on an outing with a group home staff member and two other residents when he reportedly became aggressive and assaulted the the trio. Police were notified and attended. As a result of the investigation, the boy was arrested and charged with three counts of assault. He was released from custody and is scheduled to appear in court on Nov. 23. Under the Youth Criminal Justice Act, the name of the accused will not be released. A grieving father wants people to recognize the difficulties that come with Youth Criminal Justice Act.

A 14-year-old boy was charged with three counts of assault on Tuesday. Peterborough Police Service

In summary, around 2:45pm a 14-year-old boy was on an outing with a group, home staff member and two other residents when he reportedly started to become aggressive and assaulted the trio. The boy was arrested and charged with three counts of assault. He will appear in court on November 23rd. When speaking of assault, it falls under the category of Criminal law, as assault is a criminal offence. My initial reaction to this article was to question as to how this boy all of a sudden became aggressive. Was it based on someone’s actions? Or was it an explained act out of anger? Either way, assault is not justified and still a crime. Another reaction that came to mind is that this boy is 14 years old, younger than me. It is surprising how people can become so violent at such a young age and it makes me question why. On the other hand, he may have family violence or anger conflicts.

Latest phone scam targeting Social Insurance Numbers: Hamilton police

By Rick Zamperin 900 CHML Posted October 25, 2019 12:10 pm Updated October 25, 2019 1:28 pm Hamilton police (HPS) are warning residents about an increase in online fraud involving Social Insurance Numbers. Police say in many instances, people are receiving a recorded phone call that directs you to call back immediately, or press “1” to avoid prosecution. Major Fraud Unit investigators are urging you to not call back or press “1”, saying no official administrative center will ever use high-pressure tactics, be disrespectful, contact you through text or require you to pay any money through gift cards or Bitcoins. “There were no incidents of the SIN Scam previous to Sept. 2019 and now HPS has had 18 formal complaints as well as the numerous phone calls I get by citizens wanting me to be aware,” said Hamilton Police Staff Sergeant Greg Doerr of the Major Fraud Branch in an email to Global News Radio, 900 CHML. Police say “when in doubt, just hang up.” They say the scammers will direct victims to ‘pay their fines’ using gift cards or Bitcoin machines. Frequent reoccurring scams involve criminals pretending to be government officials seeking money for taxes or immigration fees. The Government of Canada provides detailed information on how to protect your Social Insurance Number, including who can ask for it, on their website.

Hamilton police are warning residents about an increase in telephone and online fraud, specifically involving Social Insurance Numbers. File / Global News

Latest phone scam targeting Social Insurance Numbers: Hamilton police

This article warns residents of fraud instances that have occurred involving social insurance numbers. Hamilton police say people are receiving phone calls that direct you to call back or press “1” to avoid accusations of crime. These scammers are pretending to be a part of the government seeking money. Fraud unit investigators stress the importance for residents to not call back or press “1” and to hang up when in doubt. They inform residents that no official administrative center will ever use high-pressure tactics, be disrespectful, contact you through text or require you to pay any money through gift cards or Bitcoins. These scammers trying to deceive residents that they are government officials are committing fraud, which falls under “Other Criminal Code Offences”. In other words, this offence is directly related to Criminal law. In my opinion, the crime of fraud is extremely dangerous and scary, especially when it comes to your identity and things like your Social Insurance Number. Due to technology in today’s society, criminals have come out with more complex ways to commit crimes. You are never certain as to what is what due to others imitating the roles of high power.

$50,000 cash reportedly stolen from Guelph home: police

By Matt Carty Global News Posted November 4, 2020 12:53 pm Guelph police say $50,000 cash and some jewellery has reportedly been stolen from a home in the city’s Onward Willow neighbourhood. The theft happened sometime between 5:30 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. on Tuesday at an address in the area of Bagot Street and Willow Road. Police said $20,000 in American currency and $30,000 in Canadian currency has been reported missing along with gold necklaces and gold earrings. Anyone with information is asked to contact Guelph police at 519-824-1212 ext. 7365. Anonymous tips can be left with Crime Stoppers at 1-800-222-8477.

Guelph police say $50,000 in cash has been stolen from a home. Getty Images

On Tuesday in the area of Bagot Street and Willow Road at sometime between 5:30 am and 5:30 pm Guelph police reported a theft of $50,000 cash and gold jewelry. The article askes anyone with information to contact Guelph police. Theft is classified as an offence against Property. To be specific, in this case an indictable theft has occurred (when the theft is over $5000.00). My initial reaction to this crime would to first question as to why the offender felt the need to steal. Was this person not able to work? Additionaly thoughts that came to me were, I wonder if anyone was in the house during this theft and how did the offender locate all that money? Many questions come up but as we know live isn’t all peaceful and there are criminals out there. With the technology we have today, anything is possible really.

Crime Beat podcast: Two doors down — the tragic case of Mr. Kelloway

By Nancy Hixt Global News Posted October 20, 2020 6:00 am Updated October 20, 2020 8:10 am On this episode of the Global News podcast Crime Beat, crime reporter Nancy Hixt shares a story that will leave you questioning what horrors you can encounter — just two doors down. May 4, 2013 was a beautiful spring day in Calgary. In one suburb, new neighbours met for the first time and decided to get together for a barbeque and drinks. It was a memorable night filled with good conversation and laughter. There’s a lasting reminder of that evening: a photo of the two men with their arms around each other, smiling. They appeared to be having a great time, but just minutes after that photo was taken, tragedy struck. One of the men called 911. The other was pronounced dead at the scene before he could be rushed to the hospital. He was later identified as Calgary middle school teacher Craig Kelloway. An autopsy revealed Kelloway was stabbed 37 times. The question was, how did things turn so badly so quickly? It’s a case that continues to haunt the lead investigator.

Craig Kelloway. Courtesy of Deneca Mombourquette

In summary, one day in Calgary two neighbors met up for a barbeque, there was laughter and you know just typical neighbor things like food, drinks, and fun. Minutes later, a tragedy broke down and now all of a sudden one of them is calling the police. The other is pronounced as dead before he could be taken to the hospital. He was later recognized as Calgary middle school teacher, Craig Kelloway. His autopsy pinpointed that he was stabbed 37 times. No one is sure as to how the situation arouse. This article reveals an act of murder, to be specific, a murder in the first degree due to the evidence shown as being stabbed 37 times. An offence of any sort is related to Criminal law. Moreover, my reaction to this article was definitely frightening. They were just two men having a good time and seconds later one is dead. What could have possibly happened within minutes later that caused the motive of murder to arise? This makes me realize what a cruel world we live in, where having a good time turned to death just in seconds.

Police/prsioning/sentencing

Federal prisons to install systems to prevent drone contraband deliveries

By Staff The Canadian Press Posted May 8, 2019 3:27 pm Canada’s prison service has earmarked $6 million for electronic systems to prevent tiny drones from dropping illegal drugs, cellphones or other contraband into the yards of its institutions. The Correctional Service of Canada is alarmed by recent cases of small, easily purchased flying devices delivering forbidden items to prisoners from the air. The prison service also fears the camera-equipped copters could be used in illicit surveillance operations to glean intelligence that might help with escapes. It also wants to be able to catch anyone on the ground attempting to just throw a package of contraband over a perimeter fence. Contraband smuggling using drones increasing at Kingston area prisons – Mar 19, 2019. The service is seeking a contractor to supply, install and test intrusion-detection systems as well as provide training on how to operate and maintain them. The systems will be tested in a pilot project at six prisons over the next four years with an eye to a cross-country rollout.

The Matsqui Institution, a medium-security federal men's prison, is seen in Abbotsford, B.C., on Thursday October 26, 2017. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck

In summary, Canada’s prison service has set aside $6 million to invest into electronic systems to prevent drones from dropping items like illegal drugs and cellphones into the yards of prisons. Camera-equipped copters are also another concern for escapes. The Correctional Service of Canada has been introduced to these types of devices and are being alarmed from now on. Project is still in process and a contractor is still needed. System will be tested over the next four years at six prisons. The whole purpose of the system is to prevent contraband deliveries from getting into the prison, therefore directing relating to policing/prison/sentencing. The institution this service is for are Canadian prisons. In my opinion, this is an extremely clever idea and will definitely reduce the prisoners from getting their hands on illegal resources, ultimately keeping them out of more trouble and keeping our country safe from offenders.

Two suspects outstanding after officers fired upon, police car rammed, and truck hijacked with 8-year-old girl inside

By Ted Fraser Staff Reporter Sat., July 25, 2020 1 min. read Peel police returned fire after being shot at by a group of people who rammed a police car and then hijacked a pickup truck with an 8-year-old girl inside on Friday evening in Mississauga. Const. Akhil Mooken with Peel police said in a late-night media briefing on Friday that officers were shot at after attempting to arrest an individual near Confederation Parkway and Burnhamthorpe Road in Mississauga. Officers fired back and were then rammed by a vehicle driven by one of the suspects. A nearby pickup truck was then hijacked by the suspects, Mooken said. The girl, now reportedly safe, was thrown out of the hijacked vehicle by the suspects during an ensuing police chase, Mooken said. Officers stopped to recover the girl and ensure her safety. “It’s a very traumatic situation, and understandably so,” Mooken said. Two of the suspects are in custody, and the other two are outstanding and considered armed, police say. One of the outstanding suspects is described as a Black man, five-foot-eight to six-feet tall. He was last spotted wearing a white tank top, a gold-coloured cloth covering on his head, and no shoes. There was no description available for the other outstanding suspect. Police say the two outstanding suspects are wanted for robberies across the GTA. Police recovered the suspect vehicle five kilometres away, about a 10-minute drive, near Creditview Road and Eglinton Avenue West and say that the two suspects may be fleeing the area on foot.

To summarize, on Friday evening in Mississauga, officers were shot at after attempting to arrest an individual near Confederation Parkway and Burnhamthorpe Road in Mississauga. Officers fired back and were then crowded by a vehicle driven by one of the suspects. A nearby pickup truck with 8-year-old girl inside was then hijacked by the suspects. The girl, now reportedly safe, was thrown out of the hijacked vehicle by the suspects as a result to the police chase. Officers stopped to recover the girl and ensure her safety. Two of the suspects are in custody, and the other two are outstanding and considered armed, police say. Police say the two outstanding suspects are wanted for robberies across the GTA. Police recovered the suspect vehicle five kilometres away, about a 10-minute drive, near Creditview Road and Eglinton Avenue West and say that the two suspects may be fleeing the area on foot. This article directly relates to policing/prison/sentencing as it involves police as they fired back and went on a police chase after the suspects hijacked a truck involving an 8 year old girl. My initial reaction to the article was definitely hectic while reading it as the events happen back to back, one after the other. I do question whether or not the suspects planned this well out or did they see an opportunity to escape and take it? Moreover, In my opinion they shouldn’t have involved the 8 year old girl, this for sure is getting their sentencing and fines increased.

Two Markham men face attempted murder charges in townhouse complex shooting

By John Cudmore YorkRegion.com Mon., Oct. 26, 2020 1 min. read Two men have been charged with attempted murder after an overnight shooting Friday at a Markham townhouse complex. York Region police investigated the shooting at 85 Henderson Ave., near Bayview and Steeles avenues at approximately 12:40 a.m. At the scene, officers found a 36-year-old Markham man suffering from a gunshot wound. He was transported to hospital for treatment of a non-life-threatening injury. Police allege an altercation outside of the townhouse unit led to the man being shot. Officers arrested two men at the scene. O’Brian Ramgeet, 44, of Markham, faces eight charges, including attempted murder, aggravated assault, several firearms violations and breach of recognizance. Chevel Cassen Escoffery, 23, of Markham, is charged with attempted murder and aggravated assault. The firearm was not located and the investigation is ongoing. Anyone with information is asked to contact police at 1-866-876-5423, ext. 7241, or Crime Stoppers anonymously at 1-800-222-TIPS, or by leaving a tip online at www.1800222tips.com.

To summarize, York Region police are investigating a shooting on Friday at 12:40 a.m. When they arrive at the location of the crime scene, 85 Henderson Ave they come to find a middle-aged man lying on the ground with a gunshot wound. He is taken to the hospital without any life risking injuries while officers search the area. Two men were found at the scene, O’Brian Ramgeet, 44, and Chevel Cassen Escoffery, 23 are both facing several charges, some including attempted murder and aggravated assault. The officers wonder where the firearm the man was shot with has gone, and continue to investigate the scene. To relate to, police investigation and involvement to the scene specifically relates to policing/prison/sentencing. Police were at the scene and found the 36 year old man as well as involved for the arrest of two men. My initial reaction to the article would be as to where the weapon ended up as it was not located in the investigation and also if the suspects knew the victim or as to how this all started.

Criminal investigation underway after children left alone at Calgary day home: police

By Jodi Hughes & Heide Pearson Global News Posted October 29, 2020 6:59 pm Updated October 30, 2020 2:13 pm Police are investigating after a group of children were allegedly left alone in a Calgary day home Thursday, Oct. 29, 2020. Calgary police have launched a criminal investigation after children were left at a day home in the city on Thursday. Police originally said Friday that no charges were laid, but later clarified an investigation was underway. The Calgary Police Service Child at Risk Unit was called to investigate after a group of children was left alone in a day home Thursday. Police said they received a call at around 1 p.m. during which someone told them one of the children went to a neighbour’s home. Police said Friday that five children between the ages of one and five were left in the home. According to police, the families of the children were called and told to come and get their kids. On Friday, the CPS said the operator left the children in the home “briefly” but didn’t expand on why. The Child at Risk Unit determined there were no injuries to any of the children. Global News reached out the operator of the dayhome, who declined to comment.

Police are investigating after a group of children were allegedly left alone in a Calgary day home Thursday, Oct. 29, 2020. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jeff McIntosh

In summary, this article revolves around the investigation on a group of children that seem as if they were left alone at a day home on Thursday 29, 2020. The police received a call from a parent with concerns for their child. On Friday, police confirm that 5 children between the ages one and five were left home. The parents of the kids then received phone calls to come and pick up their kid. Police say that the operator left the children home “briefly” however did not give reason as to why. Child risk unit determined that their were no injuries to any of the children. Police involved in an investigation directly relates to policing as the police are involved. When I first read the article my initial reaction to it was to view the situation in viewpoint of the parents. These parents trusted their child, their most precious with this day home operator while they go work or run errands etc. and then are contacted by police that their child s left alone. I am not a parent but without a doubt that would be one of the most scariest situations to come across for sure. When you leave your child with someone you make sure they are sake and at no risk, however that wasn’t the case in this situation.

Two people found dead in east Hamilton home, major crime unit investigating

By Diana Weeks 900 CHML Posted October 12, 2020 7:13 am Updated October 12, 2020 3:33 pm Hamilton police are probing the circumstances leading up to the deaths of two people at a home in the city’s east end. Police tweeted emergency crews were called to a home on Tragina Avenue South at around 7:30 p.m. on Sunday. Officers have not released any further details surrounding the identities of the victims or the cause of death, citing the need for post-mortem examinations to be completed. “Police are not looking for any additional individuals involved in these deaths,” a post on Twitter Monday afternoon said.

Police block off a home on Tragina Avenue South in Hamilton Sunday evening. Andrew Collins / Global News

In summary, there is an on going investigation with Hamilton police in the search for what led up to the death of two people. Police were called to a home on Tragina Avenue South at around 7:30 p.m. on Sunday. No details have been released due insufficient information. The fact that article talks about police and their investigation allows this article to directly fall under policing. Due to the fact that it is an ongoing case, I believe the article is very vague. The only thing readers know is the location and the offense that has been committed. On the other hand, due to the limited details one could have initial thoughts on the cause of death and if the two related to one another.

INCLUDED REQUIREMENTS

✔Totaling 20 articles (4 topics X 5 articles for each topic.) ✔ Design an attractive cover page (must include name, date, course title, teachers name) ✔Organize a table of contents ensuring all of your articles are included all 20 ✔ Include a copy of each article ✔ briefly summarize each article ✔Identify the issue of the article and how it directly relates to the specific legal topic ✔Your opinion OR reaction to the article.

Thank you!

Carol Botros