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Migration: Precious and Rare (Courtauld)

History of Science M

Created on October 9, 2020

Final circ for sign-off: Courtauld Full Exhibition (all themes)

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Transcript

migrations

objects, patterns, and people

From around 1000 to around 1500 CE, several tribal groups moved across Asia from the borders with China to the edge of Europe. These movements displaced not only people but also objects, forms, decorative motifs, and techniques. In this period, you could find almost identical tiles on a building in Samarkand (in present-day Uzbekistan) and in Edirne (in present-day Turkey).

> COURT FASHION

> TRANSFER OF OBJECTS

> TRANSFER OF PATTERNS

court fashion

migrations: objects, patterns, and people

During such invasions, decorative motifs, objects, and people — with their fashion and costumes — all moved across Central Asia. This metal handbag is unique — no other like it has survived to the present day. It was made in Mosul, a chief Islamic metalwork centre, for a wealthy Mongol lady living in Iran.

MORE TO EXPLORE

Dr Safa Lutfi, Professor of Aesthetics of Design in Arab and Islamic Art and Architecture at the University of Babylon, shares her interpretation of the Courtauld Handbag.

Metal Handbag. Mosul, Northern Iraq, 1300-30 CE

court fashion

migrations: objects, patterns, and people

On its lid, the bag shows a banquet scene which is set in an Iranian style court – but it features people dressed in Mongol hats. The lady and her husband are sitting on a throne with a male attendant wearing a similar handbag hanging from his shoulder.

Court scene on the bag’s lid with highlighted details of the Mongol hats and attendant wearing similar bag. The Courtauld Gallery, London.

Detail of Persian manuscript showing two attendants carrying a mirror and a handbag similar to the one in this exhibition, as seen in the metal handbag’s lid. Khwaju of Karman, 1396 CE. © British Library Board: Add MS 18113, fol. 40v.

transfer of objects

migrations: objects, patterns, and people

In the 1000s CE, a group of Turkish tribes from the Aral Sea regions moved into mainland Persia and conquered land all the way to Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) founding the so-called Seljuk Empire. Artefacts moved freely through this vast empire which stretched all the way across Central Asia and the Eastern coast of the Mediterranean.

Seljuk Empire in 1071

transfer of objects

migrations: objects, patterns, and people

Candlesticks like this one were extremely common and were always the same size and weight. In fact they were so uniform that the Persian polymath Qazwīnī (1203–83 CE) declared that the inhabitants of Tabriz: “also use objects such as candlesticks as currency".

Candlestick of cast bronze engraved and inlaid with silver. Eastern Anatotolian (Konya?), Turkey, late 1200s CE

transfer of patterns

migrations: objects, patterns, and people

At the beginning of the 1200s CE, nomadic tribes from a region bordering Russia and China — led by Genghis Khan (1116–1227 CE) — swept through Central Asia and reached the eastern Mediterranean. This invasion led to a movement of people who transported decorative motifs from China all the way to Egypt and beyond.

transfer of patterns

migrations: objects, patterns, and people

This bowl was made in Egypt after the Mongol invasion. It features a lotus flower, a plant found in East and South East Asia and widely used in Indian and Chinese Art.

Bowl of brass, originally inlaid with silver. Egypt, 1375–1425 CE.

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