The skeletal system 6th graders

Scapula

Skull

Presentation

The Skeletal system

tibia

Parts, composition, functionality, and more - Science 6th grade, GSD.

Ribs

Javier Rodríguez Sánchez

INDEX

Bones Composition

Bones

Types of bones

Functionality

Joints

Type of joints

Illness of the system

Thanks

What are bones?

Bones are pieces of hard tissue that make up the skeleton

Types of bones

There are three types of bones

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Long bones like the femur

Short bones like the Trapezoid or Wrist bone

Flat like the pelvis

Irregular bones like the vertebrae (Short bone)

Sutural bones located in the skull (Flat bone)

Sesamoid bones like the one on the knee (Flat and short bone)

Bones composition

Bones are mostly made of the protein collagen, which forms a soft framework. The mineral calcium phosphate hardens this framework, giving it strength. More than 99 percent of our body’s calcium is held in our bones and teeth. Bones have an internal structure similar to a honeycomb, which makes them rigid yet relatively light.

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What are joints?

A joint or articulation (or articular surface) is the connection made between bones in the body which link the skeletal system into a functional whole. They are constructed to allow for different degrees and types of movement

Types of joints

1. Immovable joints: permit little or no movement, holding bones firmly in place like those of the skull.
2. Semi-mobile joints: They have limited movement such as the ribs or the spine.
3. Mobile joints: They turn two bones into a moving part; allowing flexibility, and are connected by strips of very strong tissue called ligaments. These joints are covered in a protective tissue named Cartilage and are lubricated by a liquid substance called Synovial fluid.

Functionality

Bones have many functions. They support the body structurally, protect our vital organs, and allow us to move. Also, they provide an environment for bone marrow, where the blood cells are created, and they act as a storage area for minerals, particularly calcium.

Cancellous bone produces red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Also, defective and old red blood cells are destroyed in bone marrow.

Bones provide a frame to support the body. Muscles, tendons, and ligaments attach to bones. Without anchoring to bones, muscles could not move the body. Some bones protect the body’s internal organs. For instance, the skull protects the brain, and the ribs protect the heart and lungs.

Skeletal system illness

Osteoporosis is a bone disease where there is a reduction in bone mineral density. This increases the risk of fractures occurring. Osteoporosis is most common in women after the menopause. However, it can happen in premenopausal women and men. Osteoporosis occurs either when removal or resorption of bone happens too quickly, new bone is formed too slowly, or for both reasons. It can be caused by having inadequate calcium, a vitamin D deficiency, consuming excessive alcohol, or smoking tobacco.

Femur

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Science Class