Relative and Participle clauses

RELATIVE AND PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

Clauses

PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

RELATIVE CLAUSES

Definig

NON-DEFINING

past

PRESENT

Relative pronouns

PAsT PARTICIPLE

- ING FORM

that

which

whose

where

who

RELATIVE CLAUSES

Tells us which person or thing the speaker means.

Relative pronouns

which

that

whose

where

who

NON-DEFINING

DEFINING

TO GIVE EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE PERSON OR THING. iT IS NOT NECESSARY TO IDENTIFY THE PERSON OR THING AND CAN BE LEFT OUT. USES COMMA. Cannot use THAT.

USED TO IDENTIFY THE PERSON OR THING WE ARE TALKING ABOUT. DOES NOT USE COMMA

The woman who lives next door is a doctor. Barbara works for a company that makes cars. I know a lot of people who have stopped eating meat.

My brother Jim, who lives in Houston, is a doctor. Brad told me about his new job, which he's enjoying very much .

PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

past participle

present particple

to say what the person or thing is or was doing.-ING form

to say what is or was done to the person or thing mentioned.past particple

The lost ring was a present from my dad. The sunk ship was a reminder of WWII. I was looking at the wall covered with pieces of art.

Carol is in the kitchen making coffee. A man ran out of the house shouting. The girl looking into the mirror is my sister.