Level A2

LEVEL A2

Teacher: Sandra Ximena González Castaño

Unit 1

Possessive adjectivesWh - Questions with BE Yes/no Questions with BE

possessive adjectives

Subject Pronoun

Possessive Adjectives

MYYOURHIS HER ITS OUR YOUR THEIR

IYOU HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE

I have a car My car is blueHe is Juan His name is Juan You are my friend Your friend is funny The dog has a ball The dog plays with its ball Anita's friend is Laura Her friend is Laura We are at school Our school is great My parents have a car Their car is slow

wh -questions with be

What's your name?My name is Sandra. Where's your friend? He is at school Who is Anita? She is my sister

What are your classamates like?They are friendly. Where are your parents? They are at home How are your Math classes? They are really difficult

Yes/no questions with be

Are your classamates friendly?Yes, they are / No, they're not. Are your Math Classes difficult? Yes, they are / No, they're not.

Is your name Sandra?Yes, it is / No, it's not. Is Juan from Cali? Yes, he is / No, he's not.

Unit 2

Simple PresentTime Expressions

SIMPLE PRESENT

DO

DOES

IYOU WE YOU THEY

HE SHE IT Third person

simple present

Affirmative sentences Subject + action verb + complement I study English on Saturdays We have lunch at noon

simple present

Negative sentences do + not = don't Subject + do + not + action verb + complement I don't study English on Saturdays We don't have lunch at noon

simple present

Yes/ no questions Do + Subject + action verb + complement + ? Do you study English on Saturdays? Yes, I do / No, I don't

simple present

Wh-questions what, who, where, why, when, how, how many, how much, etc... Wh/H word + do + Subject + action verb + complement + ? Where do you study English ? I study English at school.

simple present

Third person - Affirmative sentences Subject + action verb + complement He studies English on Saturdays She has lunch at noon

simple present

Negative sentences does + not = doesn't Subject + does + not + action verb + complement He doesn't study English on Saturdays She doesn't have lunch at noon

simple present

Yes/ no questions Does + Subject + action verb + complement + ? Does he study English on Saturdays? Yes, he does / No, he doesn't

simple present

Wh-questions Wh/H word + does + Subject + action verb + complement + ? Where does he study English ? He studies English at school.

simple present

Third person rules - he / she / it Verbos terminados en Y Verbos terminados en e Try - Tries drive - drives Play - Plays Verbos terminados en O Have - has go - goes Verbos terminados en s,x,ss,z,sh,ch Otros verbos Fix - Fixes Kiss - Kisses get - gets run - runs Watch - watches Wash - Washes shop- shops swim - swims

Time expressions

AT Horas : at 4:00 p.m Horarios de comida: at lunchtime Festivos: at Christmas at night at midnight at noon

Time expressions

ON Días de la semana: On Monday Fechas: On May 1st / On New Year's day Parte del día: On Sunday morning On weekends On weekdays On weeknights

Time expressions

IN Meses: in October Años: in 2020 Estaciones: in summer Siglos: In the 21st century In the morning In the afternoon In the evening

Unit 3

DemonstrativesComparisons

demonstratives

Near Far

Singular This That is

Plural These Those are

Near / singular

Near / Plural

Far / singular

Far/ Plural

comparisons

Short Adjectives Long AdjectivesSmall - smaller more expensiveBig - bigger more popularTall - taller more beautiful

comparissons

Short Adjectives Subject 1 + verb to be + short adjective + er + than + Subject 2 That blouse is cheaper than this one (one = a blouse)The gold ring is prettier than the silver one (one = a ring)

comparisons

Long Adjectives Subject 1 + verb to be + more + long adjective + than + Subject 2 That blouse is more expensive than this one (one = a blouse)The gold ring is more beautiful than the silver one (one = a ring)

Unit 4

Object pronouns Modal verb: would Verb+to+verb

object pronoun

Subject Pronoun

Object Pronoun

MEYOUHIM HER IT US YOU THEM

IYOU HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY

object pronoun

Subject Pronoun + verb + object pronoun Juan helps Ana He helps her

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE

Do you like rock? Yes, I like it a lot (I like rock a lot)Do you like game shows? No, I don't like them (I don't like game shows) Does she love Juan? Yes, she loves him a lot (she loves Juan) Does he love Ana? Yes, he loves her very much (he loves Ana)

would

A modal is a helping verb that is usually used with another verb to express ideas such as possibility, necessity and permission.We use would mainly to: talk about the past talk about the future in the past express the conditional mood We also use would for other functions, such as: expressing desire, polite requests and questions, opinion or hope, wish and regret

would

Structure of would : Subject + auxiliary would + main verb I would like tea.

would

Structure of would : Subject + auxiliary would + not + main verb She would not go. She wouldn't go

would

Structure of would : Auxiliary would + Subject + main verb + ? Would you help?

would

Structure of would : Wh / h questions + Auxiliary would + Subject + main verb + ? Where would you go?

verb+ to + verb

Verb + to + verb I want to travel around the world I love to go tho the movies I'd like to study French

Unit 5

Present ContinuousQuantifiers

Present continuous

The present continuous is formed using am/is/are + present participle. Questions are indicated by inverting the subject and am/is/are. Negatives are made with not. Statement: You are watching TV. Question: Are you watching TV? Negative: You are not watching TV.

Affirmative sentences Subject + verb to be + action verb + ing + complement He is studying English now. She is having lunch.

present Continuous

Negative sentences Subject + verb to be + not + action verb + ing + complement He is not studying English now. She isn't having lunch.

present Continuous

Yes/No Questions Verb to be + subject + action verb + ing + complement + ? Is he studying English now? Yes, he is Is she having lunch? No, she isn't

presentContinuous

Wh Questions Wh/h word + verb to be + subject + action verb + ing + complement + ? What is he studying now? He is studying English Where is she having lunch? She is having lunch at home

present Continuous

Wh Questions Wh/h word + verb to be + subject + action verb + ing + complement + ? What is he studying now? He is studying English Where is she having lunch? She is having lunch at home

quantifiers

100%

AllNearly all Most

A quantifier is a word or phrase which is used before a noun to indicate the amount or quantity. Quantifiers can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

ManyA lot of Some

Not manyFew A few

No one

0%

Unit 6

Adverbs of frequency Questions with How

adverbs of frequency

AlwaysAlmost always Usually Often Sometimes * Hardly ever Almost never Never

100%

We use adverbs to describe how frequently we do an activity.

0%

adverbs of frequency

An adverb of frequency goes before a main verb: I always study at night. *Exception: Sometimes goes before a main verb or at the beginning of the sentence. I sometimes study English at night Sometimes I study English at night

adverbs of frequency

An adverb of frequency after the verb To Be. She is almost always at school before 8:00 a.m They aren't usually bad tempered

adverbs of frequency

We can also use the following expressions when we want to be more specific about the frequency: Every day Once a month Twice a year Three times a day Daily Weekly Monthly

Questions with how

How often

It's used to ask question about the frequency of an event. How often do you go the movies? I go to the movies twice a month

Questions with how

How long

It's used to ask question about amounts or periods of timeto ask questions about amounts or periods of time. How long does it take you to get to work? It takes me about 40 minutes

Questions with how

How well

It's a question that focusses on an action How well do you speak English? I speak English pretty well

Questions with how

How good

It's a question that focusses on a noun. How good are you at English? I'am pretty good at English

Unit 7

Simple PastPast of Be

simple past

The Simple Past is a verb tense which is used to show that a completed action took place at a specific time in the past. Example: I went to the movies last weekend. (Irregular verb) I stayed home last night. (Regular Verb)

simple past

Affirmative Sentences: Subject + verb in past + Complement I studied English 2 years ago I had a party yesterday

simple past

Negative Sentences: Did + not = didn't Subject + didn't + verb in present + Complement I didn't study English 2 years ago I didn't have a party yesterday

simple past

Yes / No - Questions: Did + Subject + verb in present + Complement+? Did you have a party yesterday? Yes, I did / No, I didn't

simple past

Wh - Questions: Wh/h word +Did + Subject + verb in present + Complement+? When did you have the party? I had the party yesterday

past of be

I was You were He was She was It was We were You were They were

past of be

Affirmative Sentences: Subject + was / were + Complement I was at school yesterday You were my friend

past of be

Negative Sentences: Subject + was / were + not + Complement I wasn't at school yesterday You weren't my friend

past of be

Yes / no questions: was / were + Subject + Complement + ? Were you at school yesterday? Yes, I was Was she my friend? No, she wasn't

past of be

Wh-questions: Wh/ h-word + was / were + Subject + Complement + ? Where was she yesterday ? She was at school yesterday

Unit 8

There is There are No Some / Any

There is - there are

If we want to say that something exists or doesn't exist somewhere or at some time, we often use 'there + be'. It's often used to talk about something for the first time in a conversation.There's a cup on the table. There's a restaurant next to the station. There isn't any money in the house. There aren't any banks in this street. Is there a supermarket near here? Are there any potatoes in the cupboard?

There is - there are

We use there is for singular and there are for plural. There is a cafe in my village. There are two cafes in my village.

There is - there are

There is Singulares contables: There is a library next to the bank. No contables: There is some cheese in the kitchen.

There is - there are

There are Plurales contables: There are some libraries next to the bank. There are 3 libraries next to the bank.

SOME - ANY

SOME

ANY

Affirmative sentences There are some banks near here.

Negative sentences There aren't any restaurants in this neighborhood. Questions Are there any theaters in the mall?

QUANTIFIERS

COUNT NOUNS NONCOUNT NOUNS How many...? How much...? A lot of A lot ofA few A littleMany MuchAny AnyNone None

Unit 9

Modifiers with Participles and prepositions

MODIFIERS WITH PARTICIPLES AND PREPOSITIONS

Modifiers: a word of group of words which specifies or modifies a noun or pronoun: He is the man / he is the one, she is the woman / She is the one, they are the people / they are the ones Present Participle: The ing form of the verb.dancing, wearing, talking... Propositions: with, in , next to, on

MODIFIERS WITH PARTICIPLES AND PREPOSITIONS

Modifiers with participles Who is Juan? He is the man drinking Who is Laura? She is the woman wearing a dress Who are Juan and Laura? they are the people dancing

MODIFIERS WITH PARTICIPLES AND PREPOSITIONS

Modifiers with prepositions Who is Juan? He is the man with black hair Who is Laura? She is the woman in jacket Who are Juan and Laura? they are the people on the sofa

Unit 10

Present perfect Past participles

PRESENT PERFECT

Affirmative Sentences: Subject + have /has + past participle + Complement I have gone to Cartagena several times He has already eaten his pizza

PRESENT PERFECT

Negative Sentences: Subject + have /has + not + past participle + Complement Have + not = haven't / has + not = hasn't I haven't gone to Cartagena this year He hasn't eaten his pizza yet

PRESENT PERFECT

Yes / no questions: have /has + subject +past participle + Complement +? Have you gone to Cartagena this year? Yes, I have / no, I haven't Has he eaten his pizza yet? Yes, he has / no, he hasn't

PRESENT PERFECT

Wh - questions: Wh/h word + have /has + subject +past participle + Complement +? Where have you gone this year? I have gone to Cartagena twice this year What has he eaten ? He has eaten three slices of pizza

Unit 11

Adverbs before adjectivesConjunctions Can / should

adverbs before adjectives

Adverbs + Adjectives Extremely large Very beautiful Really nice Pretty expensive Fairly short Somewhat formal

conjunctions

Conjunction is a word that connects or joins clauses, words, phrases together in a sentence. Example: and, but, though, however

conjunctions

And Adds one thing to another Example: It's a beautiful place and the weather is great.

conjunctions

But Shows contrast Example: It's a beautiful place but the weather is terrible.

conjunctions

Though Though can be used to contrast ideas Example: It's a big place. It's not too big though.

conjunctions

However However indicates that the relationship between the two independent clauses is one of contrast or opposition. Example: It's a big place. It's not too big however.

can

This modal is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to express ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show possibility or impossibility. I can ride a horse. ability We can stay with my brother when we are in Paris. opportunity She cannot stay out after 10 PM. permission Can you hand me the keys? request Any child can grow up to be president. possibility

should

"Should" is a modal verb most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice. It can also be used to express obligation as well as expectation. Examples: You should visit the Eiffel Tower. recommendation You should focus more on your family and less on work. advice I really should be in the office by 7:00 AM. obligation By now, they should already be in Dubai. expectation

Unit 12

Infinitive complements Can / could / May

Infinitive complements

It's important to take a rest It's sometimes helpful to drink a glass of water It's a good idea to listen relaxing music

could

"Could" is a modal verb used to express possibility or past ability as well as to make suggestions and requests. Examples: Extreme rain could cause the river to flood the city. possibility Juan could ski like a pro by the age of 11. past ability You could see a movie or go out to dinner. suggestion Could I use your computer to email my boss? request We could go on the trip if I didn't have to work this weekend. conditional

May

"May" is a modal verb most commonly used to express possibility. It can also be used to give or request permission, although this usage is becoming less common. Examples: Cheryl may be at home, or perhaps at work. possibility Juan, you may leave the table when you have finished your dinner. give permission May I use your bathroom? request permission

Unit 13

So/ too / neither / eitherWould / will

so / too

We use these estructures to say that a positive sentence is also true for me.So + auxiliary + subject Subject + auxiliary + too

so / too

So + auxiliary + subject/ Subject + auxiliary + tooExample: I like pizza So do I / I do too I am a student So am I / I am too She was at the library So was I / I was too They have been to Cali So have I / I have too He would like a cup of tea So would I / I would too

Neither / either

We use these estructures to say that a negative sentence is also true for me.Neither + auxiliary + subject Subject + auxiliary + not+ either

neither/ either

Neither + auxiliary + subject / Subject + auxiliary + not + eitherExample: I don't like pizza Neither do I / I don't either I am not a student Neither am I / I'm not either She wasn't at the library Neither was I / I wasn't either They haven't been to Cali Neither have I / I haven't either He wouldn't like a cup of tea Neither would I / I wouldn't either

Unit 14

Superlative

Superlative

Short Adjectives Long AdjectivesSmall -the smallest the most expensiveBig - the biggest the most popularTall - the tallest the most beautiful

superlative

Short Adjectives Subject + verb + the + short adjective + est + (complement)Bogota is the biggest city in Colombia

superlative

Long Adjectives Subject + verb + the + most + long adjective + ComplementAmazon has the most beautiful river in the world

how

How far distance How big sizeHow high heightHow deep deptHow long lenghtHow hot temperatureHow cold temperature

Unit 15

Future with present continuous an Be going to Messages with tell and ask

future

Using the present continuous to talk about the future:(Subject + verb to be + action verb + ing)The present continuous is used when we say what we have planned and arranged to do at a specific time in the future. These are fixed plans with definite time and/or place. I'm meeting Peter at the restaurant We're playing soccer on Friday Is he seeing you at 8:00 p.m? He isn't working this week.

future

Using "be going to" to talk about the future:(subject + verb to be + going to + action verb)We use 'going to' to express the future when we intend to do something or have decided to do something but did not arrange it. It is just an intention. We also use 'going to' to make predictions. I'm going to clean the windows later It's cloudy, I think it's going to rain

Messages with tell and ask

Messages with tell Statements Message The class is at 6:00 p.m Please tell Ana (that) the class is at 6:00 p.m Could you tell her (that) the class is at 6:00 p.m ? Would you tell her (that) the class is at 6:00 p.m ?

Messages with tell and ask

Messages with ask Request Message Bring the books Please ask Ana to bring the books Could you ask her to bring the books? Would you ask her to bring the books ?

Unit 16

Verb + Infinitive

Verb + infinitive

Basically, an infinitive verb is a verb with the word "to" in front of it. Example: to be to have to hold to dream

Verb + infinitive

Verbs + Infinitive Plan to get hope to travel Want to buy Have to study

Verb + infinitive

thank you :)Dream it, wish it, do it, and never give up!