Teaching Grammar

Teaching Grammar

Ch 7 Scrivener

What is Grammar?

GRAMMAR

How is it learned?

How can we teach it?

Back to Grammar...

Whats' your view on these memes?

USE GRAMMAR PROPERLY , PLEASE!!

What is GRAMMAR??

Scrivener

Larsen-Freeman

GRAMMAR

Scott Thornbury.

How is it learned?

Present-Practise Cycle

To learn a language learners need: EXPOSURE UNDERSTANDING: MEANING, FORM OPPORTUNITIES TO PRACTISE/ USE (REMEMBER)

Presentation and practice

WHAT SKILLS ARE WE REFERRING TO IN EACH AREA?

Balance

Teacher's job: push, encourage, help learners to use the language themselves!!

If the aim is to help learners to get better at using a grammar item, which one seems more useful?

Presentation and practise

THINKING ROUTINE: Think-Pair-Share

1. What are the pre-requisites for learning (GRAMMAR)? EFFICIENCY

GRAMMAR

2. What factors should we teachers consider for proper grammar teaching? APPROPRIACY .

Pedagogical Grammar

Prescriptive and Descriptive

Pedagogical Grammar

GRAMMAR

Aids second/foreign language acquisition

Clarification / systematization

Self-directed Discovery

Guided Discovery

Teacher explanation

Clarification

Learners focus on piece of grammar: USE, MEANING, FORM.

Language Analysis: Model of a lesson

1. Reading-comprehension.

LANGUAGE ANALYSIS

2. Language analysis: INDUCTIVE / DEDUCTIVE APPROACH

GUIDED DISCOVERY: frutiful way to work in lg classroom

Guided Discovery

SELECT APPROPRIATE TASKSOFFER APPROPRIATE INSTRUCTIONS, HELP, FEEDBACK, EXPLANATIONS MANAGE LESSON FOR ALL LEARNERS TO BE INVOLVED AND ENGAGED DRAW THE MOST FROM ACTIVITY

ANYWAY...

RESTRICTED OUTPUT

RESTRICTED OUTPUT

DRILLS: why?

RESTRICTED OUTPUT: why drilling

Demand on accuracy.(Honest feedback is vital)

We become better at certain things through practice.

Experimenting and playing with lg.

RESTRICTED OUTPUT

Variations on drills?

Backward build-up drill

Repetition

Teacher starts with the end of the sentence and gets the class to repeat backwards.

St repeats an utterance as soon as he has heard itChain: Students, one by one

PRACTICE

Completion

Single-slot substitution drill

St hears an incomplete utterance, then st repeats the utterance in completed form

Drilling

Sts repeat a sentence and replace a word or phrase with the word or phrase the teacher gives them

Replacement

A word in an utterance is replaced by another

Multiple-slot substitution drill

Transformation

Sts must recognize what part of speech the cue word is and where it fits into the sentence

Sentence is transformed by being made negative or interrogative or through changes in tense, mood, voice, aspect or modality

Principles of drilling

• The teacher has to provide students with a model .
• Students should understand the given model.
• The atmosphere should be fun and supportive.

• The material for the drilling task should be short.
• The repetition should be meaningful.
• There must be a purpose: “Why are we doing this drilling?”

Principles

ACCURACY VS FLUENCY

Practice activities good for developing ACCURACY should include: attention to form familiarity thinking time feedback

Practice activities good for developing FLUENCY should include: Attention to meaning authenticity communicative purpose chunking repetition

Exercises

Different ways of using exercises

Work as individuals Work in pairs Works in groups Whole class (different roles) Orally (lab) Dictate sentences TPR activities

Use great speed Negotiate answers Make competitions Students exchange work for correction Make them game-like Send as homework

Exercises

Video session

Questions for analysis: -What are the extremes presented by the author when it comes to teaching grammar? -How are both positions described? - What is the current mindset towards teaching grammar? -What does Swan contend towards explicit teaching of grammar?

Video session by Swan

Michael Swan: Am I teaching enough grammar? (Part 1/6)Recorded in November 2020

The grammar lesson (doggerel)

EXIT TICKET...

Hands on: Let's plan how to teach grammar!!!

PRACTICE

Reading-comprehension and language analysis.

You are students in a 5th form of a state-run school, follow you teacher’s lead: