Electricity & Inventions

Electricity & Inventions

MATTER and ELECTRICITY

All matter is made up of microscopic atoms.

nucleus

Atom

electron

Electricity is formed when an electron moves from one atom to another.

STATIC ELECTRICITY

Static electricity is the movement of electrons between two materials. This can happen when we rub them together.

ELECTRIC FORCES

Repulsion

Repulsion

Attraction

ELECTRIC CURRENT

Electric current is the flow of electrons between atoms

MATERIALS

Some types of matter have electrons that move easily from one atom to another. They are called electrical conductors. Metals are electrical conductors. For this reason, wires are made of metal.

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

When electric current flows through wires, a magnetic field is produced. This happens because negatively charged electrons are moving through the wire. The magnetic field is stronger if we put the wire into a coil around an object made of iron. This forms an electromagnet.

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

REPRESENTING ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

We can easily identify the components and the type of circuit.

We use symbols to represent the components of an electric circuit.

USING ELECTRICITY AT HOME

Electricity is generated in power stations. From there, the electricity travels along big cables to our homes. At the place where electricity enters our house, there is a fuse box, which helps make the electricity safe to use.

A fuse box

TYPES OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

Electricity can be very dangerous, we need to use it carefully:

• Do NOT use electrical appliances in the bath or shower.
• Do NOT plug in an appliance with wet hands.
• Do NOT open or repair a plugged appliance.
• Do NOT clean a plugged appliance with a damp cloth.