Mind map of Reported Speech Backshift process

Present simple --> Past simple

Future simple --> "would" + infinitive

Present continuous --> Past continuous

Present tenses

Future tenses

Future perfect --> "would" + past participle

Reported Speech

Present perfect --> past perfect

Backshiftprocess

Past simple --> past simple or past perfect

Can --> could

Past tenses

Modal verbs

Past continuous doesn't change

"Could , would, and should" don't change

Past perfect doesn't change

may --> mightmust --> had to

Changes in time expressions

Reported speech

Direct speech

Today Tomorrow Next week Yesterday Last year Four years ago

That day The following day / The day after The following week / The week after The previous day / The day before The previous week / The week before Four years before