MODERN AGE IN SPAIN

SPANISH HISTORY

The modern age

5th primary

CONTENT

KING CARLOS I

previous age

what is the modern age?

KING FELIPE II

THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS

timeline of FELIPE ii

TIMELINE of the CATHOLIC mONARCHS

10

THE RENAISSANCE

DISCOVERY OF AMERICA

11

spanish summary

12

GRACIAS

ECONOMY & SOCIETY

CONTEXT

THE PERIOD BEFORE MODERN AGE IS CALLED MIDDLE AGES. iN THIS PERIOD, SPAIN WAS INVADED BY THE MUSLISMS AND THE CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS FOUGHT IN ORDER TO CONQUER THEIR TERRITORIES AGAIN. THE RECONQUISTA FINISHED WITH THE CONQUEST OF THE KINGDOM OF GRANADA IN 1492. IN THIS PAGE, YOU HAVE A RAP VIDEO ABOUT MIDDLE AGES. WATCH IT!!!

ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE MIDDLE AGES

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WHAT WERE THE MAIN CIVILISTIONS ON THE IBERIAN PENINSULA DURING THE MIDDLE AGES?

A) ROMANS, VISIGOTHS, MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS

B) ROMANS, VISIGOTHS AND MUSLIMS

C) VISIGOTHS, MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS

WHEN DID THE MUSLIMS INVADE THE IBERIAN PENINSULA?

A) AD 711

B) AD 710

C) AD 712

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SUMMARY

REYES CATÓLICOS

VIDEO RESUMEN

VIDEO RESUMEN

DESCUBRIMIENTO DE AMÉRICA

EDAD MODERNA

VIDEO RESUMEN

+ RESUMEN

+ RESUMEN

+ RESUMEN

The catholic monarchs

Isabel I of Castilla and Fernando II of Aragón received the title of Catholic Monarchs from the Pope after conquering the Kingdom of Granada. During their reign they unified the Iberian Peninsula, reinforced royal authority and imposed the Catholic religion (INQUISITION). The marriage of Isabel I and Fernando II was in 1469. Ten years later, in 1479, they united the Kingdom of Castilla and of Aragón and created one large, powerful Christian kingdom. Then, in 1492, they conquered the Kingdom of Granada. This was the end of the Reconquista. Later on they expanded their territories conquering the Canary Islands in 1469 and the Kingdom of Navarra in 1512.

QUIZZ!!

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TIMELINE

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When the Spanish arrived in America, they found a great variety of people. These were usually small tribes, but some groups had created big empires. The Spanish expeditions invaded their territories, imposing their language, culture, religion and customs.The Mayas were organised as powerful city-states. They lived in Central America, in a region that is today Mexico, Belize, Guatemala and Honduras. They were the only American civilisation that developed an advanced writing system. They were also very advanced in Sciences such as astronomy, medicine and mathematics. The Aztecs were governed by an emperor. They lived in the region that is today known as central Mexico. Their life was centred around religion. To honour their gods, they built temples in the shape of a pyramid. Most Aztecs were farmers. They cultivated corn, vanilla and tomatoes The Incas lived in South America, in the region that is now called Peru. Their capital city was Cuzco and their language Quechua. The Incas built a system of roads and used llamas to transport goods

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VISIGOTHIC KINGDOM

The Middle Ages began in the 5th century when four Germanic tribes, the Visigoths, the Suebi, the Vandals and the Alans settled in Hispania. In the 6th century, the Visigoths conquered the other three tribes, which gave them control of most of the Iberian Peninsula. To unite the country, the Visigoths established the capital of their kingdom in Toledo and adopted some of the Roman ways of life. They learnt Latin and followed Roman laws. They did, however, keep some of their own customs too. In AD 589 the Visigoth king, Recaredo I, converted his kingdom to Catholicism during the Third Council of Toledo. Visigoth society consisted of a king, nobles and peasants. The nobles came from wealthy families, often relatives of the king, who owned land and had considerable power. The king and nobles held councils to discuss any problems in the kingdom. The rest of the population were mostly peasants, who worked in the countryside on nobles’ land in exchange for food and a place to live. The Visigoths built small stone churches and were excellent metal workers.

QUIZZ!!

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DECIDE IF THE SENTENCES BELOW ARE TRUE OR FALSE

A) The Catholic Monarchs got married in 1469 B) The Catholic Monarchs were Isabel II and Fernando I. C) Isabel I and Fernando II unified their Kingdoms in 1479 D) The Inquisition punished people who didn't follow the Catholicism E) The Kingdom of Navarra was conquered in 1512 and Canary Islands in 1496

DECIDE IF THE SENTENCES BELOW ARE TRUE OR FALSE

A) The Spanish conquers found native people in their territories. B) It was a gradual and peaceful invasion. C) The Incas were good astronomers. D) Religion was very important for the Aztecs E) The Mayas used animals to transport food.

WHAT IS THE MORDERN AGE?

The spanish Modern Age is the period than begins with the DISCOVERY OF AMERICA in 1492 and ends in the late 18th century.

VIDEO

characteristics

SPANISHSUMMARY

The muslim invasion

In AD 711, Muslims from North Africa invaded Visigoth Spain. After the Battle of Guadalete, in which the Visigoths were defeated, Muslim armies continued the conquest. In just a few years they conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. The only remaining Christian territory was in the north of the peninsula. The Muslims called their conquered territory Al-Andalus. At first, Al-Andalus was a province that depended on the Caliph of Damascus. Then, in 756, Abd al-Rahman I established the Emirate of Córdoba and proclaimed himself emir. In AD 929, Al-Andalus became independent. Abd al-Rahman III established the Caliphate of Córdoba. He was the first caliph and the greatest ruler of Al-Andalus.

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IMPORTANT DATES

What is the Modern Age?

the discovery of america

the discovery of america

The Discovery of America made a new trade route for Spaniards and Spanish ports, such as Sevilla, grew importance. Spanish people made a lot of money trading.

american tribes

discovery of america

christphercolumbus

reasons

Europeans had poor knowledge about how was the world actually.

reasons

• European countries wanted to find new trade routes by sea instead of by land.
• New navigation technics were invented: the compass, new map-making technics.
• New boats: the caravels.

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European rulers thought that Columbus was crazy and didn't attend to his requests. The Catholic Monarchs supported him.

Christopher columbus

Christopher Columbus was an Italian navigator and explorer. He wanted to find a new sea route to Asia. Other navigators sailed around the coast of Africa but Columbus decided to sail west across the Atlantic Ocean because he was convinced this was a shorter route.

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On his first voyage, Columbus thought he had reached India and for this reason he called the inhabitants Indians.

the discovery of america

The Catholic Monarchs financed the expedition, which led to the discovery of a new continent from a European point of view. Columbus promised to bring back gold, spices, and silks from the Far East, to spread Christianity, and later on to lead an expedition to China. On 3 August 1492 the three caravels (the Santa María, the Pinta and the Niña) left Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, and on 12 October 1492 arrived in San Salvador, an island in the Bahamas.

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el imperio de carlos i

Carlos I became king in 1516. He was the first Spanish king of the Habsburg dynasty. He ruled over a great empire, which included Spain and its territories in America. He also inherited the German Empire from his father’s family. For this reason, he was also called Carlos V of Germany. His personal and national motto was Plus Ultra which means ‘Further beyond’.

Before Carlos I died, he divided his empire into two kingdoms. He gave his German Empire to his brother, Fernando. His son, Felipe II, inherited his Spanish Empire, which included Spain and the Netherlands.

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el imperio de FELIPE II

Felipe II became king in 1556. In 1561, he established his permanent residence in Madrid. The Spanish empire expanded under his reign, especially in America. In 1580, Felipe II conquered Portugal, which meant he controlled all of the Iberian Peninsula and also ruled over the Portuguese territories in America, Africa and Asia.

The reign of Felipe II was also a period of wars and conflicts. Felipe II’s armies won many important battles on land and at sea. In 1571, in the Battle of Lepanto, the Spanish fleet stopped the Turkish Empire from taking control of the Mediterranean Sea. However, these wars were very expensive, so the king had to use gold and silver brought from America to pay for them. The price of some products increased and the Spanish population became poorer.

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timeline

THE RENAISSANCE

The Renaissance was a cultural movement that developed in Italy before spreading throughout Europe. During the Renaissance, there was an explosion of new ideas from education and art. The artists, writers and scholars of the Renaissance looked for inspiration in Ancient Greece and Rome. Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Jan van Eyck and Albrecht Dürer created some of the greatest artworks of the period. THE RENAISSANCE IN SPAIN

The Renaissance spread to Spain in the 15th and 16th centuries. The beginning of the Spanish Renaissance coincided with the discovery of America, the unification of the Christian Kingdoms and the publication of the first grammar book of the Spanish language by Antonio de Nebrija. Some of the greatest artists of the Spanish Renaissance are:

El Greco (painter);Juan Bautista de Toledo (architect);Garcilaso de la Vega, Fray Luis de León (poets);Teresa de Ávila, San Juan de la Cruz (mystic poets).

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During this time, social structure was hierarchical and very unfair. Social classes were based on status and wealth. It was very difficult to move up from one class to another. Society was divided between the privileged class and the unprivileged class. Privileged class • All power was held by the monarch. • Nobles and clergy were very influential and rich. They didn’t have to pay taxes and owned most of the land. Nobles and bishops lived in castles, in mansions or at the court. Monks and priests led simpler lives. Unprivileged class Most people belonged to the unprivileged class. • The middle class included bankers, merchants, craftspeople, lawyers and doctors. • The lower class was made up of poor people who worked all day for a very low salary.

1492

1469

1512

Christians conquered the Kingdom of Granada/Discovery of América

Catholic Monarchs conquered the Kingdom of Navarra

Fernando II of Aragón and Isabel I of Castilla Married.

1496

1479

Unification of the Kingndoms of Catilla and Aragon

Conquest of the Canary Islands

1556Became King

1561 Established his residence in Madrid

1580Conquest of Portugal

1571 Battle of Lepanto

Thank you for watching

by carlos forcada mascarell