PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

START

Knowing your struggle with participle clauses, I created this lesson for you.

INDEX

2. CONCEPT

3. PRESENT P.

1. OBJECTIVES

4. PAST P.

CONCEPT

OBJECTIVES

1. CONCEPT

6. CONJUNCTIONS

7. QUIZ

8. WEBGRAPHY

5. PERFECT P.

1. OBJECTIVES

• Identify what participle clauses are
• Learn how to make them
• Polish your writing skills

2. CONCEPT

2. CONCEPT

What is a participle clause?

A participle clause is a subordinate clause which begins with a participle.

2. CONCEPT

Does it have a tense?

Participle clauses do not have a specific tense. The tense is indicated by the verb in the main clause.

2. CONCEPT

Where do we place it?

Placed at the beginning of a sentence, the participle clause cannot refer to the object of the main clause.

2. CONCEPT

Functions

• Result/effect
• Reason
• Time order
• Extra information about the subject (reduced pp)
• Condition

2. CONCEPT

Where can we see them?

Mainly used in written texts, they enable us give information in an economical way.

2. CONCEPT

How many types are there?

• Present participles
• Past participles
• Perfect participles

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

They have a similar meaning to active verbs. Form: ING - ENDING

These clauses can replace any active tense

Note that state verbs (own, posses) can be used in participle clauses:

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

Lorries coming over the bridge have to be careful of the wind.

Who was the girl wearing that dress?

Students handing in their essays late will lose ten marks.

A QUICK LOOK ON PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

Video

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

WRONG. Moaning with pain, a doctor examined the player.

Why is this sentence wrong?

3, PRESENT PARTICIPLES

RIGHT: Moaning with pain, the player, was examined by a doctor.

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

EXPRESSING REASON

Knowing you love Osasuna, I bought you tickets for the football match

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

EXPRESSING SIMULTANEOUSITY

Standing in the queue, I spotted my best friend a few metres far from me.

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

EXPRESSING RESULT

Jimmy Avila scored a goal, winning the football match.

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

ADDING INFORMATION

Living in Pamplona, Jimmy Avila is one of most appreciated footballers there.

3. PRESENT PARTICIPLES

EXPRESSING CONDITION

Asking Avila for a selfie, he will likely do it.

3. PAST PARTICIPLES

3. PAST PARTICIPLES

They have a similar meaning to passive verbs. Form: ED - ENDING.

Position: In formal written English, the participle clause can have a subject which is related to the subject of the main clause, but which isn't exactly the same.

Ex: I crouched in the alleyway, my eyes straining in the darkness.

3. PAST PARTICIPLES

EXPRESSING REASON

Excited about the trip, I couldn't sleep the night before.

3. PAST PARTICIPLES

ADDING INFORMATION

Filled with pride, my idol walked towards the stage

3. PAST PARTICIPLES

EXPRESSING CONDITION

Used in this way, participles make your writing more concise.

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

What do they express?

They express time order. The perfect participles describe an action which was finished before the action in the main clause.

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

Which form do they have?

HAVING + PAST PARTICIPLE (3RD FORM)

Having said this ... Having studied this ...

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

As the other participle clauses, perfect participles can show:

• result,
• effect or
• condition.

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

Are they active or passive?

Both! Perfect participles can be structured to make an active or passive meaning.

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

Having studied hard,

she succeded in her exam

2020

2019

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

you will be a fully qualified enginner

Having finished your training,

2024

2020

4. PERFECT PARTICIPLES

Having been promoted at work,

I bought a new mansion

2020

2019

6. PARTICIPLES AFTERPREPOSITIONS AND CONJUNCTIONS

START

5. PARTICIPLES AFTER CONJUNTIONS AND PREPOSITIONS

Participle clauses can follow conjunctions and prepositions

such as before, after, instead of, on, since, when, while and in spite of.

5. PARTICIPLES AFTER CONJUNTIONS AND PREPOSITIONS

Before cooking, you should wash your hands.

5. PARTICIPLES AFTER CONJUNTIONS AND PREPOSITIONS

Instead of complaining about it, you should try doing something positive

7. QUIZ PUZZLE

START

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

...... for the bus, she slipped on some ice and fell over

Run

Having run

Running

Run

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

... by the sun, she didn't see the boy crossing the road

Having blinded

Blinding

Blinded

QUIZ PUZZLE

Complete the sentence

Find your next destination

The building collapsed ___ two people

having injured

injured

injuring

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

_ _ _ in hospital for several weeks, she was delighted to be home.

Been

Having been

Being

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

___ lunch, I sat in the garden with a drink.

Made

Making

Having made

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

On ___ her former owner, the dog ran across the room to greet him.

seeing

seen

having seen

having seen

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

_ _ _ by all the attention, he thanked everyone for the cake and presents

Embarrasing

Embarrased

Having embarrased

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

_ __ by the changing information, they thought the plane was cancelled

Confused

Confusing

Having confused

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

_ __ in Japan for several years, Kim could speak some Japanese

Lived

Living

Having lived

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

___ through the woods, they found a bird with a broken wing

Walking

Having walked

Walked

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

_ _ _ for the final interview, the candidates were asked to prepare a presentation

Having been selected

Being selected

Selected

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

___ in prisons throughout her twenties, she wrote her first play about life behind bars.

Worked

Working

Having worked

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

In spite of ___ _ the instructions twice, I still couldn't use the device

having read

reading

having been read

QUIZ PUZZLE

Choose the right beginning

Find your next destination

___ I started looking for another job

Having made redundant

Making redundant

Respuesta incorrecta

Made redundant

CONGRATULATIONS!! SOON YOU'LL BE THERE

Find more info

A LESSON ON PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

Video

8. WEBGRAPHY

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/es/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/participle-clauses

01

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/participle-clauses-exercise-2.html

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