Educational system of Brazil

Educational System of Brazil

ÍNDICE

INTRODUCTION

LEVELS OF FORMAL EDUCATION

THE GRADING SYSTEM

SPECIAL EDUCATION

LITERACY RATE AND RATING BY OECD

INTRODUCTION

The Federal Government of Brazil regulates this country’s educational system through the Ministry of Education. The government provides each area with funding and educational guidelines, and the individual states are responsible for implementing and enforcing these. Brazil is equipped with public and private sector schools. The private sector schools are of a far superior nature, but are costly, while the public sector schooling is free and laic.

LEVELS OF FORMAL EDUCATION

PRESCHOOL EDUCATION (Educação Infantil) Students from 4 to 6 years

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION (Ensino Fundamental) (Students from 7 to 14 years old)

SECONDARY EDUCATION (Ensino Medio) Students from 15 to 18 years

HIGHER EDUCATION (Ensino Superior) (This occurs after schooling is completed)

PRESCHOOL EDUCATION(Educação Infantil)

Students from 4 to 6 years

It is considered part of the basic education program, but it is not compulsory until the last year.

There are day care nurseries for children who are up to three years old , kindergartens for 2 to 3 year-olds, and preschools for children 4 to 6 years old.

Public preschools are provided by city governments.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION (Ensino Fundamental)

Students from 7 to 14 years old

Its main objetives are to develop reading, writing and calculating to understand natural laws and social relations in contemporary society.

Develop the capacity of thinking and creating.

In Brazil it is mandatory for children to go to school from age 6 to 14. Children under the age of six may be enrolled as long as they turn six in the first semester.

SECONDARY EDUCATION (Ensino Medio)

Students from 15 to 18 years

The curriculum is organized by the Federal Council of Education.

It has the some basic subjects in the elementary school: comunication and expression, portuguese (obligatory), social studies, sciences and English.

The secondary education is mandatory for those wishing to pursue higher education.

HIGHER EDUCATION (Ensino Superior)

(This occurs after schooling is completed)

Made up of public (federal or state), catholic and private institutions.

The purpose of higher education is to implement teaching, research and extension.

The main objetive is to professionalize students.

HIGHER EDUCATION (Ensino Superior)

It is mandatory an exam to enter a public university.

In order to be accepted in a university, students have to pass a competitive entrance exam called Vestibular.

The Federal Education Council (CFE) determines the minimum curriculum and time allotment for the different courses. Each institution has the freedom to include additional subjects.

University education in Brazil is divided in two levels: graduação (undergraduate) and posgraduação (graduate).

University credentials

Specialization Courses - Cursos de especialização (Varies)

Bachelor - Graduação (4-6 Years)

These programs last for 4, 5, or 6 years. All programs require a final paper or final research.

It consist of vocational or professional programs and are generally not accredited by the Ministry of Education.

Master Mestrado (18-24 Months)

Doctor Doutorado (4 Years)

Mestrado programs are referred to as strict sense. The curriculum focuses on theory and research and a demonstrated ability in a foreign language is required.

In most cases, a Mestre is required for admission. For select programs, a student can be admitted with a Bacharel. A thesis or dissertation is required for graduation.

SPECIALEDUCATION

SPECIAL EDUCATION

Offered from preescolar to secondary level

National policy paid real attention to Special Education starting in the 1960s.

Currently, there is a real investment in the training of teachers in this type of teaching

It is provided by the Ministry of Education, Municipal Secretariats and nongovernanmental organizations

THE GRADING SYSTEM

THE GRADING SYSTEM

The grading system is usually either based on percentages (from 0% to 100%) or on a scale system, where 0 is the worst and 10 is the best mark. The grading system works as follows:

A: 90% – 100% (Excellent) B: 80% – 89% (Very good) C: 70% – 79% (Good) D: 60% – 69% (Satisfactory) E: < 60% (Failing grade)

The lowest passing grade is usually 6 or 7 out of 10, which is equivalent to a C or D symbol. However, this grade is up to the university involved, and some drop their pass rate to a 5.

THE LITERACY RATE AND RATING BY OECD

The statistic depicts the literacy rate in Brazil from 2008 to 2018. The literacy rate measures the percentage of people aged 15 and above who can read and write. In 2018, Brazil's literacy rate was around 93 percent.

93%

LITERACY RATE

PISA 2018 ranking

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), who is responsible for the test Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), report that Brazil is among the countries with globe’s lowest performance. In Brazil approximately 43 percent of students are below level two (levels go up to ten). In reading, Brazil ranked 57th among the 77 countries and regions with notes available. In mathematics, the country came 70th, and 64th in sciences, along with Peru and Argentina, on a ranking with 78 nations.

Students

¡GRACIAS!