SECONDARY SECTOR

NEWS

3º ESO A Bilingüe

2019

PAPER

Sergio Hernández TesónSilvia Carracedo Domínguez Alba Vispo Fernández

Martín Álvarez Franco Andrea Cabrero Abascal

SECONDARYSECTOR

The secondary sector has evolved in line with new techniques, the availability of energy sources, improved communication networks and a buyer´s market.

This sector includes all economic activities that transform raw materials found in nature through industrial processes into mannufactured products.

The main activities are industry, construction, and the explotation of energy sources, such as water, oil and gas.

INTRODUCTION

Activities based on the extraction and procesing of raw materials to make finished products are traditionally classified in the secondary sector, which includes mining, power generation, construction and industry.

Industry

Silvia Carracedo Domínguez

Is a group of manufacturers or businesses that produce a particular kind of goods or services. The major source of revenue of a group or company is the indicator of its relevant industry. When a large group has multiple sources of revenue generation, it is considered to be working in different industries. Manufacturing industry became a key sector of production and labour in European and North American countries during the Industrial Revolution. This came through many successive rapid advances in technology, such as the production of steel and coal.

There are four types of industry. These are primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Primary industry involves getting raw materials e.g. mining, farming and fishing. Secondary industry involves manufacturing e.g. making cars and steel. Tertiary industries provide a service e.g. teaching and nursing. Quaternary industry involves research and development industries e.g. IT.

Energy

Alba Vispo Fernández

Energy,the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are, moreover, heat and work energy in the process of transfer from one body to another. After it has been transferred, energy is always designated according to its nature.

Renewable energies:Tidal energy (tides), geothermic energy (earth´s heat), hydraulic energy (dams), wind power (winds), solar energy (Sun) and biomass (wildlife).

Non-renewable energies: The fossil fuels (coal, petról and natural gas), the nuclear energy (nuclear fision and fusion)

Construction

The total types of construction are: Class A: this constructons have a supporter structure made up of steel. Class B: this constructions have a supporter structure made up of concrete. Class C: this constructions have supporter walls made up of brick masonry. Class D: this constructions have supporter walls made up of block/stone masonry. Class E: this constructions have a supporter structure made up of wood panels. Class F: this constructions have are made up of adobe, land or concrete. Class G: this constructions are premanufactured with metallic structure. Class H: this constructions have a premanufactered structure made up of wood. Class I: this constructions are made up of polyethylene panels.

Sergio Hérnandez Tesón

Construction is the building of things such as houses, factories, roads, and bridges. The present state of construction is complex. There is a wide range of building products and systems which are aimed primarily at groups of building types or markets. The design process for buildings is highly organized and draws upon research establishments that study material properties and performance, code officials who adopt and enforce safety standards, and design professionals who determine user needs and design a building to meet those needs. The construction process is also highly organized; it includes the manufacturers of building products and systems, the craftsmen who assemble them on the building site, the contractors who employ and coordinate the work of the craftsmen, and consultants who specialize in such aspects as construction management, quality control, and insurance.

Mining

Andrea Cabraro Abascal

Mining is the industry and activities connected with getting useful minerals from the ground, for example coal, diamonds, or gold. Various techniques are used in the search for a mineral deposit, an activity called prospecting. Once a discovery has been made, the property containing a deposit, called the prospect, is explored to determine some of the more important characteristics of the deposit. Among these are its size, shape, orientation in space, and location with respect to the surface, as well as the mineral quality and quality distribution and the quantities of these different qualities. Types of mining: Coal mining: is the process of extracting coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and, since the 1880s, has been widely used to generate electricity. Surface mining: is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed, in contrast to underground mining, in which the overlying rock is left in place, and the mineral is removed through shafts or tunnels. Sand mining: is the extraction of sand, mainly through an open pit but sometimes mined from beaches and inland dunes or dredged from ocean and river beds. Sand is often used in manufacturing and icy and snowy roads, usually mixed with salt.

Innovation in the construction

Martín Álvarez Franco

Construction robot Called Hadrian and created by the Australian Mark Pivac, it´s able to place up to 1000 bricks per hour or the equivalent of building a house in 2 days. This machine is oriented by a three-dimensional plane to build the work and calculate the amount of material needed.

Energetic innovation

Martín Álvarez Franco

In this innovation we pretend to take advantage of the termical energy produced by the exhaust pipe to produce electricla energy, but we have no idea how to do it